Evidence - Dan Markel Case Archive

Dan Markel— Case Archive

Key Evidence (11)

Dolce Vita recording

Covert audio-video recording of Charlie Adelson and Katherine Magbanua meeting at Dolce Vita restaurant in April 2016, with portions obscured by restaurant noise.

State's Exhibit 60

Documents & Records

Compiled divorce filings and supporting communications presented to show Donna Adelson's awareness of particular pleadings.

State's Exhibit 122

Documents & Records

State's Exhibit 122 is Garcia's traffic citation, offered with certified court-record documentation and admitted on Day 6 over continued defense objections.

State's Exhibit 138

State's Exhibit 138 is a wiretap-recording disk containing calls captured on the monitored wire, later revised to include only admitted calls for the jury.

ATM camera footage

ATM camera footage from a Pembroke Pines drive-up ATM captured images on July 18, 2014.

phone records

Digital Evidence

Phone records concerning Garcia, Rivera, and Adelson family members were discussed in testimony and closing argument about call activity, location evidence, and communications.

State's 56

Documents & Records

State's Exhibit 56 is Wendi Adelson and Dan Markel's divorce file, including filings discussed during testimony about custody, the divorce, and May 2 filing times.

State's Exhibit 124

Premier Health and Fitness surveillance footage from July 18, 2014 includes a vehicle Isom said was following Markel's Honda.

State's Exhibit 125

City-bus surveillance footage from July 18, 2014 shows a Prius traveling northbound on Thomasville Road.

State's Exhibit 62

Documents & Records

State's Exhibit 62 shows the notebook script Drina Bernhardt identified as prepared for her by Donna Adelson concerning Katherine Magbanua.

State's Exhibit 64

Documents & Records

State's Exhibit 64 is a composite email exhibit from Wendi Adelson's Google account, discussed in testimony about divorce-related communications and email sender information.

Physical Evidence (51)

State's Exhibit 122 and 123 — State's Exhibits 122 and 123 contain the bullets recovered from the left cheek area and the right side of the brain, with their packaging. The court admitted the exhibits without objection, and the parties stipulated that the projectiles were microscopically determined to have been fired from the same revolver.

State's 121 — State's Exhibit 121 was a glass fragment taken from Mr. Markel's face at the hospital and admitted into evidence.

State's Exhibit 125 and 126 — Two projectiles removed from the deceased victim's head were identified as the bullets expelled from cartridge casings. A firearms examiner concluded that State's Exhibits 125 and 126 were fired from the same firearm.

The .38 revolver murder weapon (bought on the street, used in the killing, disposed of near a bridge, never recovered) — Rivera identified the gun bought for the Tallahassee trip as a .38 revolver. He said they pulled over near a bridge and threw the murder weapon off, while qualifying that Garcia told him it hit the water. Sanford described later searches near a bridge outside Tampa and confirmed that the weapon was not found.

167 and 168 — State's Exhibits 167 and 168 were two fired bullets collected from the victim's body during the autopsy. A firearms examiner concluded that the bullets had been fired from the same firearm.

a black Lexus — A black Lexus was raised during cross-examination. The witness did not recall being asked to find one or whether Miami-Dade police had photographed one.

a firearm submitted for comparison testing — A firearm found in 2016 was submitted for laboratory comparison with two bullets. The examiner testified that the bullets were not fired from that firearm.

Barbed wire installed at Charlie home — June Umchinda agreed that there was barbed wire behind Charlie Adelson's house, but said she did not know whether it had been installed after Professor Markel's murder.

Bullet entry height measurement — 49 inches from ground on driver's side window — Defense counsel stated that the projectile entered the Honda Accord’s driver-side window 49 inches from the ground and characterized that measurement as the sole concrete factor underlying the disputed trajectory assessment.

business card — A business card was discussed alongside items found in the vehicle. The witness agreed he had no direct evidence of its placement before his arrival.

Camera equipment installed at Charlie home — June Umchinda agreed that Charlie Adelson's house had substantial camera equipment and that it was present when she was there, but she did not know whether it had been installed within two weeks of Professor Markel's murder.

cash in a plastic bag in Magbanua's car trunk — Katherine Magbanua testified that Charlie put cash in a plastic bag in her trunk. She rejected the characterization that the bag was a diaper bag.

cell phone — A cell phone was found in Dan Markel's left hand. The witness agreed he had no direct evidence of its position before arriving at the vehicle.

Charlie Adelson safe cash — In opening statement, defense counsel said the jury would hear that Charlie Adelson gave approximately $130,000–$138,000 from cash kept in his safe and stapled together, and that his money went to Katherine Magbanua.

Donna cellphone seized at Miami International Airport arrest — Patrick Sanford testified that he seized the defendant’s cell phone during her arrest at Miami International Airport and that she physically resisted surrendering it.

entry location into the window of the Honda Accord — The entry location into the Honda Accord window was identified as 49 inches high. The witness agreed that it was the only fixed point available for trajectory analysis.

fingerprint card — A juror submitted questions asking where and when a fingerprint was retrieved.

Firearm Rivera said was used in the homicide — During cross-examination, a witness agreed that, according to Luis Rivera, it was Rivera's gun that was used in the homicide.

Four swabs from different door handles from the car — Four swabs from different car door handles were tested for biological material and DNA. The examiner obtained limited results and developed no DNA types for comparison.

gun recovered during the river search — A gun recovered during a river search was submitted for expert analysis. Testimony stated that it did not match the case projectiles.

gun similar to the displayed revolver — A displayed revolver was described in Donna Adelson's opening statement as similar to the gun said to have been pointed at Markel before he was shot.

Manila envelope allegedly passed from Charlie Adelson through Katherine Magbanua to Sigfredo Garcia — Magbanua described a blank Manila envelope that Charlie Adelson gave her, told her not to open, and said he had closed while wearing gloves. She testified that she later contacted Garcia and gave him the package.

package — Rodriguez described a plastic bag that appeared brick-shaped and said she did not look inside it. She testified that Garcia brought it to her home for Rivera while Magbanua was present.

Partial fingerprint lifted from vehicle's exterior rear passenger door frame, not of comparison value — Joanne Maltese testified that one partial fingerprint was lifted from the vehicle’s exterior rear passenger doorframe but was not of value for comparison.

Recovered murder Prius with undercarriage bullet and fuel-line damage — After Rivera’s proffer, law enforcement reacquired the Prius and searched beneath its carpet and floorboard, finding a hole and, underneath it, a gas line that had been severed and repaired.

Sealed envelope Charlie gave Magbanua before the murder — Katherine Magbanua testified that an envelope Charlie Adelson had given her was kept inside her diaper bag and later picked up by Sigfredo Garcia from her apartment. She said she never opened it and did not know its contents.

State 125 — State's 125 was identified as a brown wallet and its contents found in the vehicle's glove box. Joanne Maltese confirmed that it contained Dan Markel's driver's license and that cash was pictured and seized.

State 126 — State's 126 was shattered front driver's-door window glass with a hole in it. The witness described taping both sides of the fragile glass before collecting it.

State's 119 — State's 119 was a wallet and its contents, excluding cash, located in the glove box. The wallet contained Daniel Markel's driver's license.

State's 120 — State's 120 was the glass from the driver's door, preserved with clear tape because it was broken. It was admitted during Day 1 testimony.

State's Exhibit (eyeglasses) — State’s Exhibits 115–118 were eyeglass-frame and lens pieces recovered from the vehicle’s front passenger floorboard, the garage floor, the front driver’s floorboard, and the front driver’s seat.

State's Exhibit 115 and 116 — State's Exhibit 115 was an eyeglass frame from the front passenger floorboard of the vehicle, and Exhibit 116 was the other side of the frame from the garage floor. Both were admitted during Joanne Maltese's testimony.

State's Exhibit 117 and 118 — State's Exhibit 117 was a lens found on the front driver's floorboard, and Exhibit 118 was another lens piece found on the front driver's seat. Both were admitted during Joanne Maltese's testimony.

State's Exhibit 119 through 124 — State's Exhibits 119 through 124 were items collected from the crime scene and identified as being in the same or substantially the same condition as when collected. They were admitted without objection during Joanne Maltese's testimony.

State's Exhibit 121 — State's Exhibit 121 was admitted without objection during Luis Rivera's cross-examination.

State's Exhibit 122 and 123 — State's Exhibits 122 and 123 contained projectiles examined microscopically by a Florida Department of Law Enforcement firearms expert. The parties stipulated that the projectiles were fired from the same revolver.

State's Exhibit 122–123 — State's Exhibits 122 and 123 were admitted without objection during Joanne Maltese's testimony. The witness identified two halves of eyeglasses collected from the crime scene.

State's Exhibit 123–124 — State's Exhibits 123 and 124 were two eyeglass-lens pieces collected from the driver's floorboard area and the garage floor below it. They were admitted without objection during Joanne Maltese's testimony.

State's Exhibit 127 and 128 — State's Exhibits 127 and 128 were envelopes containing projectiles recovered during the autopsy. They were admitted during Anthony Clark's direct examination.

State's Exhibit 159 — Maltese identified State's Exhibit 159 as the business card from the driver's floorboard and said it appeared to be Michael Strickland's.

State's Exhibit 160–163 — State's Exhibits 160–163 were eyeglass items: Exhibit 160 was a frame from the front passenger floorboard; Exhibit 161 was described as presumably the other side of the broken frame from the garage floor; Exhibit 162 was an eyeglass lens; and Exhibit 163 was a broken eyeglass lens.

State's Exhibit 164 — Maltese identified State's Exhibit 164 as the brown wallet and contents taken from the glove box, said its condition was substantially the same except for separately impounded cash, and identified the identification as Daniel Markel's.

State's Exhibit 165 — State's Exhibit 165 was the piece of glass Maltese could collect from the front driver's window; she testified that it remained in substantially the same condition as when impounded.

State's Exhibit 167 and 168 — State's Exhibits 167 and 168 were two fired bullets collected in connection with Mr. Markel's death. A firearms examiner compared their characteristics and concluded they were fired from the same firearm.

State's Exhibit 62 / Defense Exhibit 70 — During review of the surveillance video, Turner testified that Drina placed two notebooks on the table, later opened a hot pink notebook, and appeared to show Mrs. Adelson something in it.

State's Exhibits 14 and 119 — State's Exhibit 14 showed a wallet found in the vehicle's glove box. State's Exhibit 119 was the wallet and its contents other than removed cash, and the wallet contained Daniel Markel's driver's license.

State's Exhibits 16–17 and 120 — State's Exhibits 16 and 17 were photographs from different angles of a hole in the driver's-door window that Joanne Maltese described as consistent with a bullet hole. State's Exhibit 120 was the actual glass from the driver's door.

Swab of an exterior doorknob to the house from the garage — A swab from the exterior doorknob leading from the garage to the house underwent DNA testing. The testing produced limited results that could not be compared to anyone.

the firearm that was submitted — The submitted firearm was tested against two projectiles. The firearms examiner confirmed on redirect that it did not fire them.

the Prius — The Prius was examined on two dates and was brought to a warehouse for the second inspection.

Wendi Adelson's damaged television — Jeffrey Lacasse testified that Wendi Adelson asked him to examine her television, which he found damaged and basically unusable; he did not witness or know for sure how it was damaged.

Photographs (140)

State's Exhibit 4 — Still images from bus video show a Toyota Prius traveling northbound on Thomasville Road at Armistead, in or alongside the next lane from the bus. Witnesses described the images as consistent with, or identifying, a small light-colored vehicle they had seen.

Defense Exhibit 21 — Defense Exhibit 21 concerns a Club Fate check associated with Katherine Magbanua, including its amount and memo line. Testimony used the check to calculate an approximate amount for eight April work nights.

State's 4 — State's Exhibit 4 contains two photographs of a Prius automobile. A witness identified it as an image from raw bus data, and another said the pictured Prius was consistent with the vehicle he saw backing from the driveway.

State's 54 — State's Exhibit 54 is a photograph taken during a meeting near Monty's. The witness testified that agents could not get close enough to capture audible conversation during that meeting.

State's Exhibit 36 — State's Exhibit 36 is a beach photograph taken in South Beach on June 15, 2014. Witnesses identified Katherine Magbanua and Wendi Adelson in the photograph and described Magbanua as Charles Adelson's girlfriend.

State's Exhibit 7 — State's Exhibit 7 is a photograph showing the inner perimeter while approaching 2116 Trescott. It was used in questioning about the scene view, garage spacing, and nearby items.

State's Exhibit 8 — State's Exhibit 8 shows the driver's-side window with partially removed broken glass and a rounded area where something appeared to have passed through from outside. It was used in conditional trajectory testimony concerning the window hole, the bullet's downward path, and possible shooter height.

18 — Vehicle image published during Bill Brannon's testimony. Brannon said it looked like a vehicle he saw approaching the scene that day.

24 — Exhibit 24 was discussed during Anthony Clark’s cross-examination in connection with glass and gunpowder stippling.

45 — State's Exhibit 45 was admitted, and Luis Rivera identified it as showing him and Mr. Garcia.

86, 86D — Exhibits 86 and 86D were identified during cross-examination as depicting a hip-hop bar in Hollywood, Florida.

86E-86H — Exhibits 86E through 86H showed Club Fate's location and front door. A witness identified them as accurate depictions of the location and its exterior.

autopsy photographs — Autopsy photographs shown to the jury were discussed during Anthony Clark's cross-examination as photographs on a CD reviewed in connection with trajectory discussions.

beach photo — In rebuttal closing, the prosecutor described a defense-shown picture of girls on a beach with a credit card in it, while stating that she could not see the name on the card or understand how the picture showed that drinks were purchased that day.

Defense 24 — Defense 24 was admitted during Sanford’s cross-examination. Sanford testified that he believed it was a photograph from Magbanua’s Facebook account, agreed it evidenced her doing liquor promotions, and confirmed his belief that the displayed 2013 date was contemporaneous with the picture.

Defense Exhibit 147 — Photograph of luggage with destination tags for travel to Vietnam, described in defense closing argument as luggage found in plain view after a search warrant was executed. Counsel argued that the travelers took little luggage and that the travel evidence did not show an intent to flee.

Defense Exhibit 18 — Defense Exhibit 18 was a photograph of Katherine Magbanua from the period when she worked at Club Fate. A witness said it fairly and accurately depicted the employee from that time.

Defense Exhibit 31A through Oo — Defense Exhibit 31A through Oo consisted of photographs of a gun recovered under the Aucilla River bridge. The witness said the photographs showed the gun and were in the same or substantially the same condition as when last seen.

Defense Exhibit 41 — Defense Exhibit 41 was described in closing argument as a version of a photograph showing Katherine Magbanua's credit card. Counsel said it was one of three versions from the same day and argued that the card indicated Magbanua was paying for the drinks and herself.

Defense Exhibit A through O — Defense Exhibit A through O consisted of photographs of a gun. On cross-examination, the witness said the gun had nothing to do with the case.

Defense Exhibit No. 22 — Defense Exhibit No. 22 was a photograph Katherine Magbanua identified as showing her at Fate Nightclub. It was admitted without objection during her Day 9 direct testimony.

Exhibit 20 — Photograph of Bulleit Rye Whiskey taken from Wendi Adelson's car. Joanne Maltese testified that investigators requested the photograph and that she photographed everything in the vehicle.

Government Exhibit 3 — Government Exhibit 3 depicts one of James Geiger's windows looking toward Dan Markel's driveway.

Government Exhibit 51 — Government Exhibit 51 was shown to Keith Leland during cross-examination as he described parking spaces and another entrance at the school. He clarified that the area he called a drop-off area was parking.

Government Exhibit 52-56 — Government Exhibits 52 through 56 were photographs of the vehicle located at A-1 Lock & Key. Jonathan Grossman testified that both side mirrors of the pictured vehicle were black when he saw it and distinguished that observation from conclusions about repairs.

Government Exhibit 9 — Government Exhibit 9 provided a closer view of a vehicle in the same position shown in Government Exhibit 7. It was shown during questioning about the garage scene.

Lost photograph of vehicle license plate — On cross-examination, counsel asked whether Nobles had indicated that he photographed a car tag and whether the photograph could no longer be found; Nobles answered, “Nope.”

Magbanua Defense Exhibit 21 — Magbanua Defense Exhibit 21 was a historical Facebook photograph from Katherine Magbanua's account in which she appeared. The court overruled objections and admitted it during Patrick Sanford's Day 8 cross-examination.

Photograph of Mr. Rivera and photographs of Ms. Kawass's client — A photograph of Mr. Rivera and photographs of Ms. Kawass's client were proposed for use in opening statements on Day 1. The photograph of Mr. Rivera was described as material the State planned to use in one of its demonstratives.

photographic exhibits — Photographic exhibits were included among the materials the court proposed sending to the jury room at the start of deliberations.

photographs — Photographs taken by forensic specialist JoAnne Maltese were among the materials reviewed in preparation for trajectory-related testimony.

photographs from the November 14, 2023 search warrant of the defendant's condo — Photographs from the November 14, 2023 search warrant of the defendant's condo were provided to the defense on a flash drive after the State had previously advised there were no photographs. Defense counsel said review was needed before assessing any prejudice from the late disclosure.

Photographs of Creative Preschool exterior facing Tharp Street — Photographs of Creative Preschool facing Tharpe Street, identified as fair and accurate depictions of the preschool.

photographs of the Prius — Photographs of the Prius included 94 images from the November 3, 2015 inspection and 48 from the October 21, 2016 inspection, about 150 in total. They were used during cross-examination about what the investigation documented and what the witness recalled.

photographs taken during the search of the defendant's home — Photographs taken during the search of the defendant's home were provided late to the defense. After review, the defense said it could not make a good-faith, colorable claim of prejudice and did not seek a further Richardson inquiry.

Prius floorboard photos — State's Exhibits 50 through 52 depicted a hole in the Prius floorboard, a rod positioned through it to show its trajectory, and a repair to the gas line that Isom said was still holding.

Prius Photo — Defense counsel said the Government had described a picture of the Prius as showing two people and urged jurors to evaluate it for themselves.

RTC_0029 — A picture identified in court as RTC_0029 was shown to Christopher Corbitt. He agreed that it depicted a bedroom, said its boxes appeared to be those seen in State's 155, and confirmed that a coffee maker was shown.

State's 1 — State's Exhibit 1 photographs James Geiger's house and the Markel house as they appeared in 2014. The photograph was used to orient testimony about the neighboring residences and driveway view.

State's 1 — Photograph showing the neighboring homes on Trescott Drive, with James Geiger identifying his home on the right and Dan Markel's home on the left. It was admitted during Geiger's Day 1 direct testimony.

State's 11–17 — State's Exhibits 11 through 17 were photographs introduced during Joanne Maltese's Day 1 direct testimony and admitted without objection.

State's 137–140 — Exterior photographs of Charlie Adelson and Katherine Magbanua outside Dolce Vita restaurant, identified as fair and accurate by a witness who described surveillance of their restaurant meeting. The photographs were admitted without objection on Day 4.

State's 143–163 — Photographs depicting the Brickell Avenue residence as it appeared during a November 14, 2023 search-warrant execution. The witness identified them as fair and accurate, and they were admitted without objection on Day 6.

State's 155 — Photograph shown during Christopher Corbitt's recalled cross-examination as a narrower perspective of another image. Corbitt agreed it was a different perspective.

State's 157 — A witness agreed that State's Exhibit 157 appeared to show a searched closet containing female clothing, including blouses, jackets, and what appeared to be dresses.

State's 2-3 — State's Exhibits 2 and 3 are photographs taken from James Geiger’s living room toward the end of Dan Markel’s driveway; Exhibit 3 is a close-up of the same view. Geiger testified that the photographs accurately captured his view that day.

State's 35 — State's Exhibit 35 is a photograph from a 2014 gathering at Charles Adelson's parents' residence near the pool. The witness said it accurately depicted what she remembered from that day.

State's 35 — Beach photograph identified as State's Exhibit 35. The court admitted it and allowed it to be published during Wendi Adelson's Day 1 direct testimony without objection.

State's 36 — State's Exhibit 36 is a photograph depicting Charles Adelson and Katherine Magbanua together. Testimony identified Magbanua as Charles Adelson's girlfriend around the time of the killing.

State's 36 — Photograph of Katherine Magbanua and Charlie Adelson while they were dating. Magbanua identified it as fair and accurate, and it was admitted without objection during her Day 3 direct testimony.

State's 4 — State's Exhibit 4 is an image bearing James Geiger's initials. He agreed that its pictured vehicle was consistent with the vehicle he observed in Mr. Markel's driveway, and the exhibit was admitted.

State's 4 — Photograph of a light-colored Prius that James Geiger said was consistent with the type of vehicle he observed backing out of the driveway. He qualified that he did not see that angle of the vehicle.

State's 44–47 — State's Exhibits 44 through 47 are photographs of Luis Rivera, Sigfredo Garcia, and items Rivera identified as purchases. Rivera testified that Garcia bought a motorcycle and two cars, while Rivera bought a motorcycle.

State's 44, 45, 46, 47, 48 — A group of admitted photographs numbered State's Exhibits 44 through 48, including Exhibit 47 showing Garcia and Rivera on a motorcycle and Exhibit 48 showing the hole in the Prius.

State's 48 — Photograph of Katherine Magbanua and Charlie Adelson taken during a Key West trip while they were dating. Magbanua identified it as a fair and accurate photograph, and it was admitted without objection during her Day 3 direct testimony.

State's 48–49 — State's Exhibits 48 and 49 were photographs showing the Prius after it was located and its unique VIN, which testimony linked to the SunPass records.

State's 48–52 — Photographs of a vehicle after investigators located it for a second time following Rivera's interview. Patrick Sanford identified them as fair and accurate, and they were admitted without objection on Day 4.

State's 5 — State's Exhibit 5 is a 2014 photograph of Dan Markel. James Geiger identified it as a fair and accurate depiction of how Markel looked when they were neighbors.

State's 5 — State’s Exhibit 5 depicts Dan Markel, whom James Geiger identified as his neighbor.

State's 5 — Photograph identified by James Geiger as depicting Mr. Markel. It was admitted during Geiger's Day 1 direct testimony without objection.

State's 53 — State's Exhibit 53 is a photograph Patrick Sanford took of Charlie Adelson and Donna Adelson during a meeting. Sanford described them as sitting closely and leaning toward each other while talking.

State's 53 — Photograph of an in-person meeting between Donna Adelson and Charlie Adelson at Monty's restaurant. Surveillance testimony described a later meeting between them that could not be audibly recorded, and the meeting photographs were admitted without objection.

State's 54 — State's Exhibit 54 is a photograph of a black Lexus that a witness identified as the vehicle Katherine Magbanua was driving. The court overruled a foundation objection and admitted the photograph.

State's 54 — Surveillance photograph showing Katherine Magbanua meeting with Charlie Adelson near the Lexus she had driven to his work location. The witness said the photograph was taken before the undercover contact, though he did not recall the exact date.

State's 6-7 — State's Exhibits 6 and 7 show Dan Markel’s house with the garage door open and a car inside; Exhibit 7 is a close-up of the scene. James Geiger testified that the photographs accurately showed the residence and vehicle as he observed them that day.

State's 7 — State's Exhibit 7 is a close-up photograph of an open garage door and a car inside. James Geiger identified it as fairly and accurately showing the residence and vehicle as he observed them that day.

State's 7 — The prosecutor asked to publish State's 7 during David Sims's testimony before questioning him about the vehicle's position.

State's Exhibit 1, 2, and 3 — State's Exhibits 1, 2, and 3 are photographs of Geiger's residence and the view from the window he described. They were admitted without objection after Geiger identified them as fair and accurate.

State's Exhibit 10 — State's Exhibit 10 was identified as a fair and accurate photograph of the scene, with differences from the initial approach including the driver's door and the locations of a phone and eyeglasses. It was admitted with State's Exhibits 8 and 9.

State's Exhibit 11 through 18 — State's Exhibits 11 through 18 were photographs of evidence collected from the vehicle. Joanne Maltese identified them as fair and accurate photographs of the collected evidence.

State's Exhibit 11 through 19 — State's Exhibits 11 through 19 were photographs documenting the crime scene on Trescott Drive on July 18, 2014, including the scene involving a vehicle. A forensic specialist identified them as fair and accurate photographs.

State's Exhibit 11–17 — State's Exhibits 11 through 17 are crime-scene photographs taken by Joanne Maltese. She identified them during her Day 1 testimony, and they were admitted without objection.

State's Exhibit 157 and 160 — State's Exhibits 157 and 160 include photographs of areas searched in an apartment. On cross-examination, a witness identified Exhibit 160 as a closet photograph and said it showed a USPS box with a laptop underneath.

State's Exhibit 160 — Photograph of a closet area in the residence search that defense counsel described in closing argument as showing a small safe on a shelf. Counsel argued that the safe had not been opened or examined during the search.

State's Exhibit 17 — State's Exhibit 17 is an image Anthony Clark said was consistent with pseudo stippling associated with a shot through glass.

State's Exhibit 18 — State's Exhibit 18 is a photograph of a Honda Odyssey. A witness said it was consistent with the vehicle that approached a roadblock and then made a three-point turn and left.

State's Exhibit 18 — State's Exhibit 18 depicts a maroon Honda Odyssey consistent with the van Bill Brannon said approached the roadblock, turned around, and left. Brannon could not see the driver.

State's Exhibit 18 through 21 — State's Exhibits 18 through 21 were photographs of Wendi Adelson's vehicle as it appeared on the day it was examined at the Tallahassee Police Department.

State's Exhibit 18 through 21 — Photographs documenting Wendi Adelson's 2007 Honda Odyssey van at the Tallahassee Police Department, including a close-up of a receipt from ABC Fine Wine & Spirits dated July 18, 2014, at 12:49 p.m.

State's Exhibit 18–21 — State's Exhibits 18 through 21 are photographs Joanne Maltese took of Wendi Adelson's vehicle after it was towed to the Tallahassee Police Department. They were admitted without objection on Day 1.

State's Exhibit 19 — State's Exhibit 19 depicts a vehicle Bill Brannon said was consistent with the mid-to-late-2000s Honda Odyssey that approached the crime-scene tape.

State's Exhibit 19 through 22 — State's Exhibits 19 through 22 were photographs of Wendi Adelson's vehicle as Joanne Maltese photographed it. Maltese identified the photographs as fair and accurate.

State's Exhibit 2 — Photograph taken from James Geiger's living room looking toward the end of Dan Markel's driveway. Geiger testified that it fairly and accurately showed the view he had on the day in question.

State's Exhibit 2 — State's Exhibit 2 was a photograph taken from inside James Geiger's house later that day. Geiger identified it as a fair and accurate image of the view of Markel's driveway.

State's Exhibit 2 and 3 — Photographs showing the view from James Geiger's home toward Dan Markel's driveway. Geiger identified the published photograph as the view from his window toward the drive.

State's Exhibit 2–3 — State's Exhibits 2 and 3 were photographs taken from inside James Geiger's house later that day. Geiger affirmed that they fairly and accurately showed his view of Markel's driveway, and both were admitted.

State's Exhibit 22 through 24 — Three photographs taken by Joanne Maltese that fairly and accurately captured injuries she observed on Dan Markel.

State's Exhibit 22–24 — State's Exhibits 22 through 24 are hospital photographs of Markel taken while he was still alive. Maltese testified that a darkened area on his forearm was consistent with stippling, and the exhibits were admitted without objection.

State's Exhibit 22, 23, and 24 — Hospital photographs of Dan Markel taken while Joanne Maltese documented his condition and collected clothing, swabs, and other evidence.

State's Exhibit 23 — State's Exhibit 23 depicted Daniel Markel as he appeared on arrival at the hospital. Dr. Shelby Blank identified the photograph while describing his condition as extremely critical.

State's Exhibit 23 and 24 — Photographs 23 and 24 included an image focused on what Maltese called stippling. On cross-examination, Maltese agreed that the described circumstances could be consistent with a raised-arm position during the shooting.

State's Exhibit 23, 24, and 25 — State's Exhibits 23, 24, and 25 were photographs and collected items authenticated during Joanne Maltese's Day 1 testimony, including hospital photographs of Markel.

State's Exhibit 25 through 34 — Autopsy photographs selected for Anthony Clark's testimony. Clark described two gunshot wounds and distinguished glass-related abrasions from gunpowder stippling.

State's Exhibit 25 through 34 — State's Exhibits 25 through 34 include photographs of pre-autopsy X-rays and photographs from the autopsy. The court overruled the cumulative-evidence objection and permitted their admission with proper foundation through Dr. Clark.

State's Exhibit 25 through 34 — State's Exhibits 25 through 34 are autopsy photographs of Markel. Dr. Clark identified them as fair and accurate, said they would assist his testimony and the jury's understanding, and the court admitted them without objection.

State's Exhibit 25-34 — Exhibits 25 and 26 were photographs of X-rays taken before the autopsy, and the remaining exhibits were autopsy photographs. Clark testified that they fairly and accurately depicted the autopsy and would assist the jury in understanding his testimony.

State's Exhibit 26 through 35 — State's Exhibits 26 through 35, absent Exhibit 27, are photographs Anthony Clark took during the autopsy and identified as fair and accurate. The court admitted them without objection on Day 1.

State's Exhibit 3 — Photograph taken from James Geiger's living room looking toward the end of Dan Markel's driveway. Geiger testified that it fairly and accurately showed the view he had on the day in question.

State's Exhibit 3 — State's Exhibit 3 is a photograph taken from inside James Geiger's house later that day, showing the view of Markel's driveway. Geiger identified it as fair and accurate, and it was admitted on Day 1.

State's Exhibit 31 — State's Exhibit 31 is a photograph of an injury reviewed by Robert Shawn Yao during Day 2 redirect testimony. Yao agreed that it showed an accurate shot.

State's Exhibit 35 — State's Exhibit 35 is identified as a beach photograph of Wendi Adelson and Katherine Magbanua from around Father's Day 2014.

State's Exhibit 37 — State's Exhibit 37 is a photograph showing Wendi Adelson's brother and Katherine Magbanua. The court sustained an objection because the witness could not properly authenticate when or where it was taken.

State's Exhibit 37 and 38 — State's Exhibits 37 and 38 are photographs depicting people Rivera identified as involved in the homicide, along with Jessica Rodriguez, whom he said was not involved. They were admitted without objection during Rivera's direct testimony.

State's Exhibit 37 through 43 — Still images made from raw ATM data supplied to Brock Dietz. Dietz testified that the images fairly and accurately reflected what he retrieved from that data.

State's Exhibit 38 through 43 — State's Exhibits 38 through 43 are ATM photographs that Rivera identified as showing him driving and Garcia in the passenger seat. They were admitted without objection during Rivera's direct testimony.

State's Exhibit 38 through 44 — State's Exhibits 38 through 44 are still images taken from the video in State's Exhibit 143. Stephen Lutes identified them as fair and accurate, and the court admitted them on Day 3.

State's Exhibit 39 through 45 — State's Exhibits 39 through 45 are photographs Rivera identified as fairly and accurately showing him in a green Prius on the day of the homicide. They were admitted without objection during his direct testimony.

State's Exhibit 44 — State's Exhibit 44 was introduced during Luis Rivera's Day 1 direct testimony following questions about two trips, one in June and one in July.

State's Exhibit 45 — Rivera identified State's Exhibit 45 as a photograph of himself, Jessica, Tuto, and Katie hanging out socially. He could not remember when the photographs were taken, and Exhibit 45 was admitted.

State's Exhibit 46 — State's Exhibit 46 depicts the two men Shoddrick Nobles said he had encountered in Tallahassee in June or July 2014.

State's Exhibit 46 and 47 — State's Exhibits 46 and 47 are photographs of vehicles Rivera identified, including a Monte Carlo he said belonged to Garcia. They were admitted without objection during Rivera's direct testimony.

State's Exhibit 46 and 47 — State's Exhibits 46 and 47 were introduced after Rivera testified that cash was stapled into bundles of one thousand dollars and that he bought a motorcycle with his share.

State's Exhibit 48 — State's Exhibit 48 depicts Garcia's motorcycle and Monte Carlo, as identified by Luis Rivera. Rivera described them as vehicles Garcia bought.

State's Exhibit 49 — Rivera identified State's Exhibit 49 as showing him, Garcia, and motorcycles. He agreed that the motorcycles were bought with money from killing Markel, and Exhibit 49 was admitted.

State's Exhibit 49 through 53 — State's Exhibits 49 through 53 show the recovered Prius, including a bullet hole through the vehicle and a repaired fuel line. A witness said agents found these conditions when they reacquired the vehicle and searched it after Rivera's proffer.

State's Exhibit 5 — State's Exhibit 5 was an alternate photograph of Markel alone that was admitted after an objection to a proposed photograph of Markel with his children was sustained.

State's Exhibit 50 — State's Exhibit 50 is a photograph of Creative Preschool facing Tharpe Street, identified by Keith Leland as fairly and accurately depicting the preschool as it appeared when he saw a Prius. It was admitted with Exhibit 51 on Day 4.

State's Exhibit 51 — State's Exhibit 51 is a photograph of Creative Preschool facing Tharpe Street, identified as accurately showing the preschool when Keith Leland said he saw a Prius.

State's Exhibit 52–56 — State's Exhibits 52-56 are photographs of the inspected Toyota Prius at an indoor storage facility, including its passenger-floorboard and fuel-line area. Jonathan Grossman identified a dowel rod through the passenger floorboard in the photographs.

State's Exhibit 58 — State's Exhibit 58 is identified as a photograph of Charlie Adelson and Donna Adelson.

State's Exhibit 6 — Photograph of Dan Markel's residence showing the open garage and a car inside, as James Geiger observed it on the day in question.

State's Exhibit 6 — State's Exhibit 6 is identified only as a photograph admitted during James Geiger's Day 1 direct testimony.

State's Exhibit 6 and 7 — Photographs in State's Exhibits 6 and 7 showed the vehicle at the scene. James Geiger recognized them after describing finding Markel injured in the vehicle and calling 911.

State's Exhibit 6–7 — State's Exhibits 6 and 7 were photographs recognized by James Geiger. He described Exhibit 6 as showing Dan Markel's house and the edge of Geiger's house, and Exhibit 7 as a closer view of Markel's garage. Both were admitted.

State's Exhibit 60 — State's Exhibit 60 depicts Katie and Charlie with vehicles, including a Lexus identified as Charlie's vehicle at the time. The witness could identify the vehicles but could not date the photograph.

State's Exhibit 68 and 69 — State's Exhibits 68 and 69 are photographs taken directly from Charlie Adelson's iCloud images. Michael Dillmore identified them as accurate and unaltered during Day 1 testimony.

State's Exhibit 7 — State's Exhibit 7 was published as an officer described arriving at the driveway, seeing glass outside the driver's side of a running vehicle, and finding a person inside. The examination used crime-scene photographs to explain the vehicle, broken glass, and visible items.

State's Exhibit 8 — State's Exhibit 8 shows the vehicle as viewed by the responding officer, including partially broken driver's-door glass and a small half-circle that appeared consistent with a projectile entering or exiting the window. It was admitted without objection.

State's Exhibit 8 through 10 — Scene photographs that David Sims testified fairly and accurately depicted the scene. The photographs were used to identify broken glass and the area through which Sims reached to unlock the vehicle.

State's Exhibit 8 through 10 — State's Exhibits 8 through 10 were photographs identified as fair and accurate representations of the vehicle as David Sims found it. Sims described the running vehicle, the broken driver's-side window, and items he observed inside.

State's Exhibit 85 and 86 — State's Exhibits 85 and 86 are photographic lineups admitted during Patrick Sanford's Day 7 direct testimony. Exhibit 86 was identified as the lineup of Garcia.

State's Exhibit 86-A — A photograph designated State's Exhibit 86-A appeared during Jeffrey Lacasse's Day 3 direct testimony.

State's Exhibit 86D — Daytime photograph discussed in cross-examination as a depiction of a club. The witness said it was not a fair and accurate representation of how the club looked when the employees worked there, particularly if compared with a nighttime image from 2016.

State's Exhibit 9 — State's Exhibit 9 depicts the vehicle parked in the garage at 2116 Trescott. The photograph showed the driver's-side window partly removed and broken, with remaining glass and an opening that appeared to have been made from outside.

State's Exhibit 9 and 10 — State's Exhibits 9 and 10 are crime-scene photographs used while the responding officer described the vehicle interior, including a cell phone, a business card, and broken eyeglasses. They were admitted without objection.

State's Exhibits (crime scene photographs) — State's Exhibits 7 through 10 were used while the responding officer described the vehicle, partially broken driver's-side glass, and shattered glass, eyeglasses, and a cell phone on the ground.

State's Exhibits 6–7 — State's Exhibits 6 and 7 were admitted during James Geiger's testimony. Exhibit 6 showed a view looking up Mr. Markel's driveway, while Exhibit 7 showed how Mr. Markel's vehicle appeared when Geiger approached, except that the vehicle's doors were open in the photograph.

surveillance photo of the Prius — A surveillance photograph depicted the Prius that investigators were looking for. During opening statement, defense counsel said the State would show it as the car used by Garcia and Rivera.

undercover-operation surveillance image and blackmail note — An undercover-operation surveillance image showed an undercover agent passing Donna Adelson a paper containing a news article about Dan Markel's murder, a phone number, and a demand for $5,000. The State described the paper as a blackmail note presented on Luis Rivera's behalf.

Wendi Adelson identification photo (signed by Rivera) — A photograph of Wendi Adelson shown to Luis Rivera for identification and bearing Rivera's signature.

Video Evidence (73)

ATM camera footage — The footage contains video surveillance captured by an ATM machine at a Pembroke Pines drive-up ATM on July 18, 2014, at about 6:45 p.m. The system included a transaction camera for facial images and an overhead camera for vehicles; the footage was published without audio after admission.

State's Exhibit 124 — State's Exhibit 124 contains Premier Health and Fitness surveillance footage from July 18, 2014. Testimony described clips that were clarified with selections and highlighting, while the recorded subjects and timestamps were not altered.

State's Exhibit 125 — State's Exhibit 125 contains fair and accurate copies of images collected by buses 505 and 707 on July 18, 2014. The published footage showed a Prius last seen traveling northbound on Thomasville Road; the presentation used highlighting circles and no luminance adjustment.

State's Exhibit 114 — State's Exhibit 114 was identified as raw recording data from devices carried by two agents into a restaurant. After the State acknowledged that Bronstein had been shown a different exhibit, the court withdrew Exhibit 114 and directed the State to recall him so it could be identified.

Premier Gym surveillance — Premier Gym surveillance showed a green Prius entering behind Dan Markel, remaining while he was inside, and following when he left. In Donna Adelson’s trial, the State described Exhibit 119 as the collected surveillance, while testimony indicated that Exhibit 89 was a compilation of the raw gym footage.

KMCADA2 mentions

State's 105 — Side-by-side audio-video recording of an undercover contact with Donna Adelson, combining the undercover agent's body recorder with surveillance footage from across the street. The court admitted it after testimony that it fairly and accurately captured the interaction.

State's 89 — Prepared Premier Gym surveillance clips highlight images of Dan Markel, his vehicle, and the suspects' vehicle from raw footage. The gym footage shows him entering and exiting and his car arriving and parking.

State's 90 — Prepared city-bus surveillance clips were made from raw bus footage. One clip shows a bus traveling on Maclay Commerce Drive as what appeared to be Markel's black Honda traveled southbound on Thomasville Road after leaving Premier Gym.

State's Exhibit 112 — Audio-video recording of an undercover interception at Matsuri restaurant involving Charles and Harvey Adelson. Testimony identified unrecorded portions of the encounter, including conversation before entry, whispering, and parking-lot discussion.

State's Exhibit 113 — Combined video of the undercover bump, using the approaching officer's body-worn camera and a second angle from across the street. Testimony described both recordings as fair and accurate depictions of the contact.

State's Exhibit 124/177 — During closing arguments, the prosecutor referred to Premier Gym surveillance video showing the Prius and described a white-shirted passenger. Defense counsel referred to a still showing a passenger who appeared to wear a white T-shirt and disputed what that image established.

State's Exhibit 173 — Thumb drive containing the full, unannotated original footage from two city buses, rather than smaller clips with circles. The court admitted the exhibit after testimony that it matched the footage supplied in 2014.

20/20 broadcast — Magbanua testified that she watched a 20/20 program containing surveillance of where she was staying at her brother's home and became concerned for her family's safety. She agreed with counsel's characterization that the program portrayed her as a middle person in the homicide and said no one from 20/20 contacted her.

89 — Exhibit 89 was identified as Premier video clips during a Day 1 evidentiary discussion.

90 — Exhibit 90 was identified as bus video clips during a Day 1 evidentiary discussion.

audio and video of the recording with the transcript applied beneath it — The recording was presented with audio and video while a transcript was intended to scroll beneath it as a demonstrative aid. During a Day 4 hearing, the State said it planned to use the disclosed transcript applied to the video.

audio-video surveillance recording device — The audio-video surveillance recording device was described as a messenger bag containing equipment roughly the size of a laptop, with microphones, a small camera lens, and an on-off button. The device captured audio and video in the direction it faced.

body camera — A body camera was used for a September 30 route drive. Craig Isom testified that he held the portable camera in his hand rather than wearing it, and that it was used after leaving Jefferson County Jail.

Bump video and wire recordings discussed by the State as alleged admissions and evidence of communication patterns — Bump video and wire recordings were discussed during Day 7 judgment-of-acquittal argument. The State argued that the bump video captured Donna Adelson calling Charlie Adelson after receiving an article about the murder and described statements it characterized as an admission; it also discussed the wire recordings' communication pattern.

bus camera footage — Rivera agreed that bus-camera video showed him and Garcia before and immediately after Markel's murder. He testified that the passenger-side movement after the homicide was Garcia trying to hide the gun.

Bus surveillance footage tracking the murder Prius on Benton Road — Bus surveillance footage consists of raw bus-camera data and compiled clips from before and after the shooting of the suspect vehicle. Craig Isom described video from a bus at Maclay Commerce Boulevard and Thomasville Road, and the court admitted State's Exhibits 90 and 120 on Day 1.

Dateline interview with Newlin — Jason Newlin testified that Dateline interviewed him and that the program discussed the government’s theory of the case.

December 19 jail surveillance video — December 19 jail surveillance video included footage discussed during Josh Turner's Day 7 cross-examination, including a pink notebook being taken out and given to Donna Adelson. Turner testified that the video appeared to corroborate what Bernhardt told law enforcement.

Defense 22 — Short recorded Rivera statement offered as Defense Exhibit 22 during cross-examination. The court admitted it over a hearsay objection.

Defense Exhibit 6 — Defense Exhibit 6 is the recorded October 4 interview of Luis Rivera. During Patrick Sanford's cross-examination on Day 7, the court sustained a hearsay objection when the defense moved to admit it.

Defense Exhibit 70 — Surveillance video from the detention-center pod showed Bernhardt and Mrs. Adelson sitting together, handling notebooks and pages, and writing. Turner testified that the recording was silent and did not reveal what they wrote or discussed.

Dolce Vita — Dolce Vita is a recording discussed in the State's Day 8 rebuttal closing. The prosecutor referred to Magbanua's verification of the scrolling transcript and asked jurors to consider the recording in assessing the defendant's demeanor.

Dolce Vita enhanced version video — The enhanced Dolce Vita video was the subject of a Day 7 objection concerning the identity of the person and equipment used to enhance its audio. The State said it would use the original audio because the enhancement was not effective.

Dolce Vita video (State) — During direct examination, counsel referred to a Dolce Vita video introduced into evidence and asked whether viewing it allowed Magbanua to decipher the conversation or recall any specifics.

Dolce vita video and Patrick Stafford's transcripts — Dolce Vita video and Patrick Stafford's transcripts were addressed during a Day 1 admissibility discussion. The court said it had denied the motion in limine and would further review the transcript before it was presented.

enhanced Dolce Vita video and audio — Enhanced Dolce Vita video and audio were discussed during Katherine Magbanua's Day 7 direct examination. She said she did not remember what was said during the first portion of the meeting, and the examination described the available recording as difficult to hear.

Exhibit 116 — Audio-video recording played for the jury with headphones during deliberations on Day 8. The court stated it would be played without discussion before the jury returned to deliberations.

Exhibit 125 — Exhibit 125 was a video bearing Andrew Brown's initials. Brown testified that the version to be shown was not the original and had not been altered by Star Metro.

Exhibit 177 — Exhibit 177 was video with labeled camera views. During a juror question, Harvey described the facility's parking areas and the footage's camera numbers and views.

Government Exhibit 124 — Government Exhibit 124 was among the videos Dietz testified he prepared in August 2019 after receiving portions of source video. He described preparing clarifications requested by the State Attorney's Office.

Government Exhibit 125 — Government Exhibit 125 was among the videos Dietz testified he prepared in August 2019 after receiving portions of source video. He described preparing clarifications requested by the State Attorney's Office.

gym and city-bus surveillance footage — Gym and city-bus footage was described in opening as showing a light-colored Prius following Dan Markel into and out of a gym parking lot, and appearing on a city-bus camera shortly before and after the killing. The prosecutor said the images showed features of the Prius, including its Silver Pine Mica color, a black side mirror, a missing tow-hook cover, and a windshield transponder.

Isom body cam (gun search) — Sanford confirmed participating in two trips with Luis Rivera to look for the gun's dump site and confirmed that there was button-camera evidence of Detective Isom.

JPMorgan Chase ATM surveillance — In closing argument, the prosecutor described an ATM video taken at 6:46 p.m. on the day of the murder in Pembroke Pines and said it showed Rivera in the driver's seat and Garcia on the passenger side.

Katherine Magbanua's 2019 recorded interview with Georgia Cappleman — Mascaro said she had heard that Ms. Cappleman questioned Katherine Magbanua for hours in 2019 and agreed with counsel that the questioning was recorded in both audio and video.

Luis Rivera's recorded initial interview — Luis Rivera's initial interview was described as a recorded law-enforcement interview attended by Rivera and his attorney. Defense counsel argued that Rivera's plea arrangement and preparation affected the account he gave.

October 4 interview video recording — The October 4 interview was confirmed during recross to have been recorded on video, with Detective Isom present.

Pembroke Pines ATM video — In opening statement, the prosecutor described an ATM video from Pembroke Pines on the day of the murder showing a Silver Pine Mica Prius at an ATM with two suspects pictured inside.

pole camera footage — Defense counsel described eight months of pole-camera video from in front of Katherine Magbanua's house; the agent said related evidence also included her cell phone.

Premier Fitness surveillance video — Premier Fitness rooftop surveillance provided aerial views of Markel's vehicle and a Prius in the parking lot, but the cameras did not identify the Prius's occupants and did not cover every portion of its movement or parking location.

Premier video — Premier video shows a Prius near Premier Health and Fitness Center. Craig Isom discussed an image in which the vehicle's right-side mirror appeared black, while the recovered vehicle's tag and identification number matched SunPass records.

recorded interviews and body-camera recording involving Luis Rivera — The materials include recorded contacts with Luis Rivera, including an October 4 recording and body-camera segments from a September 30 drive in which Rivera directed investigators along a route and pointed out locations. Detective Isom said the first September 30 interview was not recorded because it involved possible sentencing for Rivera's cooperation.

redacted video — A redacted video was discussed while counsel checked the proposed redactions. The court indicated it would be admitted without publication.

Rivera impeachment clips — Up to three approximately 30-second clips prepared for potential use to impeach Luis Rivera.

second restaurant footage — The second restaurant footage was saved in a different format by combining an existing processed audio track with the original video. The witness said no new enhancement was performed.

Star Metro bus surveillance video — Star Metro bus video showed vehicles on Thomasville Road, but the detective could not identify the vehicle's occupants, read its license plate, or see the listed Prius markers. He could not say the depicted vehicles were the exact same car as one shown in other footage.

State's 112 — Body-worn camera audio-video recording of the undercover operative's contact with Donna Adelson. It was admitted with the separate combined recording from across the street.

State's 112 — State's Exhibit 112 was among the undercover-operation materials authenticated through Jimenez and admitted without a recorded defense objection.

State's 113 — Combined recording of the undercover contact, using body-worn audio with video from across the street. The court admitted it with the body-worn camera recording.

State's 114 — Matsuri restaurant video with audio enhanced by McElveen. The court admitted the exhibit over a prior objection and permitted its publication.

State's 131 — Covert recording captured by a concealed messenger-bag device placed at the sushi bar near Harvey Adelson during a Matsuri restaurant surveillance operation. The court admitted it after the witness authenticated the recording.

State's 83 — Compilation of selected Premier Gym surveillance clips, published without audio. Testimony described footage investigators said showed a light-green Prius following Dan Markel's movements.

State's 84 — Compilation of city-bus surveillance clips drawn from exterior and interior bus cameras along a route investigators believed was relevant. Testimony placed the gym video's end at 10:38 a.m. and the 911 call at about 11:02 a.m.

State's Exhibit 119 — A thumb drive containing surveillance collected from Premier Gym. The court admitted State's Exhibit 119 without objection during Day 1 direct testimony.

State's Exhibit 12 — A recording from the Matsuri restaurant captured by an audio-and-video recording device. The witness testified that it fairly and accurately captured the interception.

State's Exhibit 151 — State's Exhibit 151 is a body-worn-camera recording of the contact in which a flier was handed to Ms. Adelson. Oscar Jimenez Jr. identified it as a fair and accurate copy, and the court admitted it and permitted its publication on Day 6.

State's Exhibit 153 — State's Exhibit 153 is a side-by-side video combining Oscar Jimenez Jr.'s body-worn-camera recording with a recording made by agents across the street. Jimenez identified it as accurate, and the court admitted it on Day 6.

State's Exhibit 177 — State's Exhibit 177 is a thumb drive containing original Premier gym surveillance footage, including footage from which earlier clips were taken. Len Harvey testified that it was fair and accurate, unedited footage, and a portion was published without sound on Day 3.

State's Exhibit 89 — State's Exhibit 89 compiled gym surveillance video concerning Mr. Markel. Isom described video showing a Prius at the gym, traveling along Thomasville Road, and returning northbound after the shooting.

surveillance — Surveillance was described in rebuttal closing as including hundreds of hours of review and city-bus footage obtained during the search for a Prius.

surveillance footage — The surveillance footage covered a parking lot, though some areas were not visible because of trees. The witness said he had reviewed a majority of the footage, estimated at about 75 percent.

video — The video showed an interaction involving a document written in Drina's notebook, but the discussion on the video could not be heard.

video exhibits — Video exhibits were among the materials the court said would be sent to the jury room when deliberations began.

video footage — Video footage showed Lacasse in Tennessee. A detective testified that the footage, along with cell-phone and bank records, placed him in another state at the relevant time.

video of the Dolce Vita meeting — The Dolce Vita meeting video showed Katherine Magbanua and Charlie Adelson together. During cross-examination, Magbanua said she did not remember Adelson showing her a piece of paper, despite being asked about what the video showed.

videotape at a Kmart in Tennessee — The videotape showed Jeffrey Lacasse at a Kmart in Tennessee a few hours after the murder. Lacasse testified that he was using his credit card and that his cell phone also placed him there.

videotaped police interviews — Videotaped police interviews of Jeffrey Lacasse included interviews on July 21 and July 23. Lacasse said that during the July 23 interview he added Wendi Adelson to the people he thought should be investigated.

working copy of the surveillance videos — A working copy of surveillance videos was used for circles, pauses, and omission of portions where the subject vehicle was not present. Dietz testified that the original footage was not worked on.

Audio Evidence (181)

Dolce Vita recording — The Dolce Vita recording captures an FBI-surveilled April 2016 restaurant meeting between Charlie Adelson and Katherine Magbanua. Restaurant noise and other gaps left significant portions difficult or impossible to understand; courts allowed the recording to be played while limiting or excluding transcript use in the described trials.

GMKMCADA15 mentions

State's Exhibit 138 — State's Exhibit 138 contained complete copies of calls captured on the monitored wire and stored by the wiretap-recording custodian. After the court's prior ruling, it was received in evidence; a revised disk containing only admitted calls was provided to the jury, while the earlier disk was retained for review purposes.

recording — Audio recording testimony addressed efforts to reduce background noise and make out words, along with the clarity of segments and the timing of later audio work. Charlie Adelson also testified that his mother played a recording he described as being from a supposed Latin King gang member who was trying to extort his family.

GMKMCA3 mentions

State's 99 — A thumb drive containing recordings of calls intercepted from Charlie Adelson and Katherine Magbanua that were selected as relevant for the jury's consideration. Testimony stated that the full duration of the calls played was available on the exhibit for jury review.

State’s Exhibit 100 — A recording of Erika Johnson's 2016 phone call with Charlie Adelson, which Johnson identified as an accurate recording of their conversation. The court admitted it and permitted playback, stating it was not offered for the truth of the statements.

State's Exhibit 128 — An undercover agent's April 28, 2016 call to the Adelson Institute, authenticated as a fair and accurate recording. Testimony described the call as an additional contact intended to prompt further wire-recorded conversation.

State's Exhibit 134 — A recording of a call to the undercover number, authenticated as a fair and accurate recording of a call received there. The court admitted it to provide context for other calls and to show that Charlie Adelson contacted the undercover agent.

State's Exhibit 156 — A recording of a voluntary FBI interview with Garcia, authenticated as a fair and accurate recording and admitted on Day 7. Agents asked Garcia about Luis Rivera, Tallahassee, and Dan Markel; the recording was published with a warning that its transcript was not verbatim because of audio quality.

Defense Exhibit 26 — A CD containing a recorded conversation between Katherine Magbanua and Charlie Adelson that Magbanua described as fair and accurate. The State objected on hearsay grounds; the proposed excerpts were preserved as a proffer rather than presented to the jury.

Defense Exhibit 71 — The recording captures Wendi Adelson's call to Donna Adelson during Wendi's July 18, 2014 law-enforcement interview. The court admitted it after the parties agreed to remove two comments outside the call.

July 24, 2018 recorded law enforcement interview of June Umchinda — June Umchinda confirmed that she participated in a law-enforcement interview and did not know it was being recorded. She later confirmed that the interview was recorded on July 24, 2018.

Rivera's October 4, 2016 recorded statement — Craig Isom confirmed that Luis Rivera’s October 4, 2016 statement was recorded.

State's 100 — The recording is a call between Charlie Adelson and Erika Johnson associated with an inquiry at the Adelson Institute about Katherine Magbanua. A witness identified both voices, and the exhibit was later admitted through another witness.

State's 107 — The exhibit includes an undercover call to the Adelson Institute and a call from Donna Adelson to the undercover line. The court admitted it after the defense stipulated to authentication of Donna Adelson's call.

State's 111 — The Dolce Vita recording captures a meeting between Charlie Adelson and Katherine Magbanua after the undercover bump. The court admitted the recording and instructed jurors that any conflict with the accompanying transcript must be resolved by the recording itself.

State's 116 — The exhibit combines audio, video, and a transcript of the Dolce Vita restaurant meeting between Charlie Adelson and Katherine Magbanua. The court admitted it after testimony about the audio clarification process and authentication of the transcript.

State's 118 — The recording captured Donna Adelson after a jail call with Charlie Adelson ended from his side while her phone remained connected. The court admitted the exhibit and it was played in open court.

State's Exhibit 108 — A thumb drive of selected calls intercepted from Katherine Magbanua's and Charlie Adelson's phones. A witness described the selected recordings as fair and accurate, and the court admitted the exhibit over the defense's prior objection.

State's Exhibit 115 — The exhibit contains enhanced recordings from devices used at the restaurant. The audio-processing witness testified that the workflow could not add, delete, or otherwise edit recorded content, and the court admitted the exhibit subject to prior objections.

State's Exhibit 130 — A thumb drive containing additional wiretap calls, including call 989. The court admitted State's Exhibit 130 without objection.

State's Exhibit 99 — A thumb drive containing selected wiretap calls, including the first recorded contact between Katherine Magbanua and Charlie Adelson after the undercover bump. The court admitted the exhibit subject to previously stated objections.

Wiretap recordings — Wiretap recordings captured calls among Charlie Adelson, Katherine Magbanua, Donna Adelson, and others during the undercover operation. In closing arguments, the parties offered competing interpretations of the recordings and their significance.

2016 wiretap authorization and intercept records — 2016 records relating to wiretap authorization and intercepted communications. Christopher Corbitt described the judge-authorized process, including monitoring, minimization, supervisory review, and secured recording retention.

2016 wiretap recordings and monitoring records — 2016 wiretap recordings and monitoring records. Christopher Corbitt distinguished the real-time wiretap from historical carrier records and described judicial authorization, monitoring, minimization training, and records showing when audio was minimized.

26-A — Exhibit 26-A is a proposed recording excerpt in which Magbanua's defense sought to support the claim that she continued to work for Charlie Adelson. The court sustained the State's objection and excluded the excerpt.

26-B — Exhibit 26-B is a proposed recording excerpt in which Magbanua referred to buying a car from Charlie Adelson. The defense offered it in support of her testimony that she paid for the Lexus, but the court excluded it.

45 recordings the State planned to play through Agent Sanford — A group of 45 recordings the State said it planned to present through Agent Sanford. The number and anticipated method of presentation were discussed during a Day 4 procedural hearing.

911 calls — In the State's opening statement, the prosecutor described a 911 call by Jim Geiger after he found Markel wounded and a second call by the person who had been speaking with Markel when the line went dead.

A through SS — A through SS refers to wiretap transcripts the State intended to present. Defense counsel objected that the transcripts had been provided only shortly before the hearing and said there had not been enough time to assess their accuracy; the State said they would not go to the jury.

almost every wire — Wire recordings that defense counsel said he planned to play, except for Dolce Vita material to be handled differently. Counsel said the planned direct examination could extend beyond one day.

April 15, 2016 wiretap call — An April 15, 2016 wiretap call discussed during Craig Isom's cross-examination. The court allowed defense counsel to ask about the cited statement for impeachment.

audio — Audio among the exhibits the court said would be sent to the jury room when deliberations began, along with specified cell-phone, disk, jump-drive, photographic, and video exhibits.

Audio recording — A recorded call played from its beginning so the court could address an admissibility issue. The court ruled on a hearsay objection after hearing the recording.

Audio recording of the phone call between Erika Johnson and Charlie Adelson — A recording of a phone call between Erika Johnson and Charlie Adelson. Johnson said it refreshed her memory and identified the voices as hers and Dr. Charlie Adelson's; the court had the audio played outside the jury's presence after overruling objections to its use for refreshing recollection.

Audio/video recording of the Dave call — An audio/video recording of the Dave call. During Patrick Sanford's recalled cross-examination, a later portion was played in open court after a brief test of the recording.

Call EEE — Call EEE is an audio recording played during Charlie Adelson's cross-examination. In the excerpt played, Charles Adelson and Donna Adelson discuss Wendi Adelson being tight-lipped and Charles offering to find things out and tell Donna.

Call F — Call F was a Charlie Adelson-to-Donna Adelson call at about 4:56 p.m., roughly 10 to 15 minutes after Charlie left the Dolce meeting.

Call FF — Call FF was identified as an April 28, 7:49 p.m. call from Katherine Magbanua to Charlie Adelson and was played in court.

Call GG — Call GG was a wiretap call discussed in the State's rebuttal closing argument as addressing whether information came from inside or outside the investigation. The State attributed the call's statements to Katherine Magbanua.

Call H — During Patrick Sanford’s examination, counsel introduced Call H as the first wire-captured conversation between Sigfredo Garcia and Katherine Magbanua; Sanford dated it to approximately 8:17 a.m. on April 21.

Call I — Call I was played at approximately 8:36 a.m. Patrick Sanford testified that the digits discussed in the call, 6570, matched the last four digits of the undercover number on a flyer handed to Donna Adelson.

Call M — Call M was an April 26, 9:48 a.m. recorded call from Sigfredo Garcia to Katherine Magbanua.

Call R — Call R was played in court and included Charlie Adelson telling Katherine Magbanua that a number was at home and could be provided after he returned home.

Call UU — On direct examination, counsel identified Call UU as a May 4, 2016 call between Charlie Adelson and his mother and described her as not wanting to talk on the phone; Adelson said he remembered the call.

Call Z — Call Z was a wiretap call discussed in the State's rebuttal closing argument as reflecting concern that information was becoming too detailed. The State attributed the call's statements to Katherine Magbanua.

calls A, B, and C — Calls identified as A, B, and C, discussed in the State's rebuttal closing. The prosecutor referred to questions on a wire call and told jurors that admitted calls could be reviewed during deliberations.

calls between Ms. Kawass and Garcia — Jail calls between Ms. Kawass and Garcia. The court ruled that they would not be admissible, finding them to be work product.

calls with the undercover — Calls with the undercover were discussed in rebuttal closing in connection with statements about cash, coded language, and an undercover operation. The State argued that Donna Adelson's statements and related conduct were inconsistent with the defense extortion account.

CD 899-519/520 — During cross-examination, defense counsel identified CD 899-519/520, described its call as dating from April 15, 2016, and moved the item premarked Defense 26.

Charlie Adelson's statements on the wire and elsewhere — Charlie Adelson's statements on the wire and elsewhere were addressed in a Day 7 admissibility ruling. The court found a sufficient nexus for the coconspirator-statement thresholds and extended its ruling to these statements.

Clip 4 from Dolce — Clip 4 from the Dolce recording captures a conversation between Charles Adelson and Katherine Magbanua about evidence, possible monitoring, and avoiding discussion of anything. The court noted that the digital recording, rather than the transcript, was the best evidence of its content because of inaudibles and speaker-identification limits.

Clips 7 and 8 — Clips 7 and 8 from the Dolce recording contain Charles Adelson's examples involving a car, DNA, a rental car, and knowledge of a crime. The clips were played during cross-examination addressing his discussion of rental cars and evidence.

court-authorized wiretap interceptions — Court-authorized wiretap interceptions were described in testimony as subject to periodic reports to a judge, who could assess whether intercepted communications remained relevant and continue authorization. Testimony also described minimization as required by the authorizing order.

D-1392 — D-1392 is a recorded call discussed in the defense closing argument on Day 8. Counsel highlighted a statement at approximately 3 minutes and 34 seconds: "I mean, you didn't do anything with my mom?"

Dan Markel voicemail recording — Dan Markel's voicemail to Wendi was played on Day 4. In the message, he discussed picking up the boys early, swimming, their school situation, and birthday plans.

DEA/ATF wire intercepts — Sanford said he received federal wire intercepts conducted by DEA and ATF. He testified that his team listened to all calls dealing with Luis Rivera, though not every call on the entire wire, and agreed that the intercept occurred in the latter portion of 2014.

Defense 28 — A recording of Rivera's May 27, 2016 interview includes Sanford's statement that identifying the person "in the middle" could help Rivera's sentence. The court admitted it as Defense Exhibit 28 at the close of Sanford's cross-examination on Day 6.

Defense Exhibit 7 — A CD contains a portion of Rivera's 2016 recorded interview, including an account that the murder plan was discussed before the first rental car was obtained. The court admitted the played portion for impeachment as Defense Exhibit 7 on Day 2.

Dolce Vida recording — The Dolce Vida recording was discussed on Day 6 after Patrick Sanford testified that the conversation was inconsistent with prior testimony attributed to Magbanua that she did not know of a murder until Garcia was arrested.

Dolce Vita audio recording — The Dolce Vita audio recording was played during Magbanua's Day 7 cross-examination, although the reporter could not accurately transcribe it because of audio quality. Magbanua maintained that she did not understand the discussion or the coded references addressed in questioning.

Dolce Vita meeting recording — The Dolce Vita meeting recording was discussed in the defense opening statement on Day 1. Defense counsel urged jurors to listen to the recordings themselves and argued that the State's anticipated interpretation omitted context and relied on inference.

Dolce Vita undercover conversation and proposed transcripts — The Dolce Vita undercover conversation was the subject of a Day 6 ruling. The court found enough information for the conversation to be relevant despite difficulty hearing much of Magbanua's speech.

DX-100 — Defense counsel identified Defense Exhibit 100 as an April 22 call between Donna Adelson and Charlie Adelson, labeled State Call 1695. The State raised a hearsay objection, and the supplied excerpt does not include a ruling.

English jail calls — English jail calls were addressed in a Day 4 Richardson hearing. The court found the late disclosure inadvertent and allowed the clear English calls, distinguishing them from untranslated Spanish calls that it excluded as prejudicial to the defense.

enhanced recording — An enhanced recording was examined during Day 7 voir dire concerning how a transcript was prepared. Testimony indicated that an FBI lab worked on a copy of the recording, while the witness did not know the lab's enhancement methods.

enhanced version of Mr. McElveen's recording — An enhanced version of Mr. McElveen's recording was disclosed after the State discovered it during trial preparation. The court addressed the disclosure in a Day 5 Richardson inquiry and gave the defense time to confer privately before selecting a version.

Exhibit 128 — Exhibit 128 is a telephone call from an undercover agent to the Adelson Institute. The call was described as an additional undercover bump intended to stimulate later recorded discussion, and the court admitted it for a limited non-hearsay purpose.

Exhibit 134 — Exhibit 134 is a call from Charlie Adelson to an undercover agent. The court admitted it for context and the fact of contact, with an express limitation that its contents were not admitted for their truth.

FBI enhancement — FBI enhancement was discussed during cross-examination of an audio expert on Day 4. The witness said enhancement made more words intelligible but acknowledged that parts of the restaurant recording remained incomplete or unrecoverable.

FF — FF is an audio recording of a call to the undercover that was published during Charlie Adelson's direct testimony. The court limited an answer after a hearsay objection before the recording was published.

Government Exhibit 138 — During cross-examination, defense counsel referred to Government's 138 while discussing wiretap calls RR, E, D, K, and PP.

GPS data from June 2014 Comfort rental car — placed vehicle at Winthrop Park (Betton and Thomasville area, near Markel residence) at 3:17 p.m. on June 5, 2014 — Rental-vehicle GPS/asset-recovery data showed a 3:17 p.m. location on June 5 consistent with the general area of Markel’s residence; Corbitt said he believed the location was Winthrop Park at Betton and Thomasville.

Intercepted phone calls — Intercepted phone calls were among the evidence discussed during argument on Magbanua's motion for judgment of acquittal. The court found sufficient evidence for the charges to proceed to the jury.

jail calls — Jail calls provided during the trial were addressed in a Day 5 procedural discussion. The judge instructed the clerk to keep those calls under seal.

June 2, 2016 recorded statement to Investigator Isom — The June 2, 2016 recorded statement to Investigator Isom was used on Day 5 while Jessica Rodriguez was questioned about what investigators had asked her and whether she had previously mentioned a package event. Rodriguez said her memory of the events had later been recollected.

LL — LL is an admitted call identified as involving Mr. Garcia. It was distinguished from an unattributable hang-up call to the undercover number.

Matsuri recording — The Matsuri recording was discussed during Day 4 cross-examination about later audio enhancement. The witness testified that more words became intelligible after enhancement, but certain whispered portions could not be recovered because of low sound levels and obscuration.

May 27, 2016 interview recording — The May 27, 2016 interview recording captured an investigative interview at Coleman in South Florida. Jason Newlin distinguished that interview from a proffer.

modified recording — A recording modified before presentation was reviewed by defense counsel during a recess. The defense maintained its prior objection after the review.

more jail calls — Additional jail calls were being filed during cross-examination, according to defense counsel's notice to the court.

Oct. 4, 2016 statement — A Rivera statement dated October 4, 2016 was referenced at page 106 during redirect examination.

October 2, 2016 statement — The October 2, 2016 statement was used while questioning Jessica Rodriguez about her prior description of a bag, its delivery, and the timing of events. Rodriguez acknowledged giving the statement to police and said she had not reviewed it before testifying.

October 4, 2016 recorded detective statement (released to media) — Luis Rivera confirmed that he gave detectives a recorded statement on October 4, 2016 and that the recording was released to the media.

original and enhanced versions of an audio recording — The audio recording existed in original and enhanced versions. After reviewing both, defense counsel requested use of the original version rather than the enhanced version.

Original jail call recording — The original recording had been provided to the defense, which was allowed to choose whether the original or clarified or enhanced version would be entered.

phone calls between Charles Adelson and Donna Adelson — Phone calls between Charles Adelson and Donna Adelson were identified as wiretap calls subject to a defense Crawford-based objection. The court deferred admissibility argument until the relevant witness was called.

phone calls played in the courtroom — The calls played in court were only portions of phone calls, as Katherine Magbanua testified on redirect. The court instructed jurors not to treat unadmitted calls as sinister or wrongful.

Post-murder Garcia-Magbanua call — In opening statement, the prosecutor said Garcia's first call after the homicide was to Katherine Magbanua and described an exchange about the job being done and when payment would be made.

PP — PP is a recorded call published during Charlie Adelson's direct testimony. It was discussed in connection with Adelson's claimed alternative explanation for the events.

recorded call and highlighted transcript — A recorded call was played while jurors had a highlighted transcript. Defense counsel objected to questioning that repeated the call and transcript, while the court maintained its ruling allowing questions about the context of admitted material.

recorded call between the defendant and Erika — The recorded call between the defendant and Erika was referenced in the State's rebuttal closing. The prosecutor argued that the defendant told Erika not to speak with police.

recorded calls — Recorded calls were listened to for voice identification rather than their content. Wendi Adelson said she recognized her brother's and mother's voices on some of the calls.

recorded calls and the Dolce Vita recording — Recorded calls and the Dolce Vita recording were described in the State's opening statement as communications associated with the 2016 undercover operation. The State alleged that the recordings included cautious and coded communications after a purported blackmail approach.

Recorded calls between Tara Kawass and Mr. Garcia — Calls between Tara Kawass and Mr. Garcia were disputed as possible work product while Garcia was being prepared as a potential witness. The court reserved decision, ordered translation work to proceed, and anticipated a later Richardson hearing.

recorded calls from the undercover operation — The recorded calls were generated after a 2016 law-enforcement undercover operation. In opening statement, the State said the calls followed delivery of a paper to Donna Adelson and would be presented to jurors.

Recorded FBI Statement — June Umchinda (2018) — June Umchinda testified that detectives spoke with her in mid-2018 without telling her they were recording and that the interview later appeared in the media without her authorization.

Recorded interview with Juan Marcos Vega (September 22, 2016) — Jason Newlin confirmed that there was a recorded interview with Juan Marcos Vega on September 22, 2016.

Recorded law-enforcement interview — A recorded law-enforcement interview was used to question Jeffrey Lacasse about a statement that everyone in the legal community agreed with an assessment of a motion. Lacasse said he vaguely recalled saying something like that and described himself as a non-lawyer receiving different messages.

Recorded May 4, 2016 call between Oscar Jimenez Jr. and Charlie Adelson — During cross-examination, Oscar Jimenez Jr. confirmed that Charlie Adelson called him on May 4 and that they spoke; counsel stated that the recording was in evidence.

recorded phone call with Jessica Rodriguez — The recorded phone call with Jessica Rodriguez was offered to contrast her trial testimony with statements about the expected call, the timing of an alleged money drop, and who had a bag. The court allowed the selected portion as impeachment testimony.

Recorded phone interview of Jessica Rodriguez — The recorded phone interview captured Jessica Rodriguez providing a statement after Sherrie Bennett called her from the State Attorney's Office. On Day 7, the court allowed the defense to play the recording for the jury.

Recorded undercover call — The recorded undercover call captured a conversation in which Donna Adelson said she did not know what the caller was talking about and declined to provide money. The defense played the call during Day 9 closing argument with a transcript for listeners to follow.

recording April 20th, 2016 — The April 20, 2016 recording was discussed in a Day 7 evidentiary ruling. The court said the conversation itself was admissible but sustained an objection to using a transcript because the recording was difficult to follow.

recording device — The recording device was started after Katherine Magbanua and Charlie Adelson had already arrived at and begun talking in the restaurant, according to Louis Bronstein's recollection.

recordings — Wendi Adelson said she listened to some State-provided conversations to authenticate voices rather than reviewing entire recordings. The court restricted questioning into the substance of particular calls.

recordings concerning offers of compensation — These recordings concerned offers of compensation and were addressed during a Day 6 sidebar. The court reserved further questions until testimony occurred and described a conditional basis on which the recordings could be offered.

recordings from tapped phones and FBI-filtered T-3 calls — The recordings included calls from tapped phones and FBI-filtered T-3 calls. In opening statement, the defense said the jury would hear selected calls from Katherine Magbanua's and Charlie Adelson's phones rather than every call.

recordings of jail calls — The jail-call recordings were provided to the defense as amended discovery after jury selection and opening statements. Defense counsel objected to the timing, while the State said it had not yet listened to the calls and would review them.

Recordings planned for use in closing arguments — Defense counsel said recordings would be used during closing arguments and requested time after the State's closing to set up the defense presentation.

Selected calls the defense planned to address during direct examination — Defense counsel said the direct examination would address many calls but would not play every call, with one or two additional calls possibly added.

September 30, 2016 proffer recording — The September 30, 2016 proffer was discussed as a meeting that could have been recorded but was not. Jason Newlin said the decision not to record it was not his.

Spanish jail calls — The Spanish jail calls were addressed in a Richardson hearing concerning late disclosure. The court excluded them, while allowing English calls for the State's stated impeachment use.

Spanish or Spanglish recorded calls requiring translation — Spanish or Spanglish recorded calls were to be translated by a court-ordered interpreter for later review. The court reserved its admissibility decision and said a Richardson hearing would follow after translations were available.

State Exhibit A — State Exhibit A contains recorded calls made after the event known as the bump. During Charlie Adelson's Day 6 direct examination, defense counsel sought permission to publish selected calls already in evidence.

State Exhibit BB — During direct testimony, counsel identified BB as an April 28, 10:43 a.m. call in which Katherine Magbanua called Charlie Adelson back. Adelson testified that she first described the number as nonworking and later as ringing, and that he believed those accounts could not both be true.

State Exhibit OO — OO was identified in questioning as a 41-minute evening call between Charlie Adelson and his mother; Adelson testified that he told her he was 99 percent sure it was the police.

State Exhibit R — Defense counsel identified State Exhibit R as an April 26, 10:30 a.m. call between Charlie Adelson and his mother. Counsel quoted Adelson saying, “It is not done like this,” and Adelson testified that he meant the people involved were not the same as those in what he called the first extortion.

State's 114 — A recording from an April 20, 2016 Dolce Vita meeting was identified as fair and accurate by a surveillance witness, who described difficulty hearing because of the restaurant's air-conditioning system. The court admitted it on Day 4 without objection.

State's 115 — An enhanced Dolce Vita audio recording suppresses restaurant noise while leaving the speaking voices unaltered, according to the audio specialist. The court admitted it with State's Exhibit 116 on Day 4.

State's 132 — An enhanced audio product from the Matsuri restaurant recording was created using the same processing methods applied to the earlier restaurant material. The court admitted it with State's Exhibit 133 on Day 4.

State's 133 — An audio-video exhibit pairs the Matsuri recording's video with enhanced audio. The audio specialist testified that the pairing was accurate, and the court admitted the exhibit with State's Exhibit 132 on Day 4.

State's 82 — A 911 recording captures James Geiger reporting a loud bang, a departing car, a shattered driver's-side window, and an injured, unresponsive man in a running vehicle. The court admitted and published the recording on Day 1.

State's 88 — A recording captures James Geiger's 911 call after he found Markel injured in a running vehicle with a shattered driver's-side window. After Geiger identified the call as fair and accurate, the court admitted the exhibit and the State played its opening portion on Day 1.

State's Exhibit 106 — A recorded call captures Erika Johnson's conversation with Charlie Adelson after law enforcement arrived seeking records. Johnson identified the voices and testified that the recording accurately reflected their conversation; the court admitted and published it on Day 3.

State's Exhibit 109 — A Dolce Vita recording was made from equipment carried during a surveillance operation. The witness described substantial restaurant background noise and testified that the exhibit fairly and accurately captured what was recorded that day; the court admitted it over the defense's previously stated objection.

State's Exhibit 110 — A thumb drive contains processed audio from the Dolce Vita recording. The audio specialist described segmenting the recording because of device movement, length, and substantial restaurant noise, then testified that the exhibit was a fair and accurate work product; it was admitted over objection.

State's Exhibit 113 — A thumb drive contains processed audio from the Matsuri restaurant recording using the same method described for the earlier restaurant recording. The court admitted the exhibit without objection on Day 4.

State's Exhibit 117 — A thumb drive containing calls to and from the undercover flyer number, including calls from Charlie Adelson and Donna Adelson. Oscar Jimenez Jr. testified about the calls during Day 4 testimony.

State's Exhibit 133 — An audio clip from Magbanua's prior testimony was published during the State's rebuttal closing on Day 8. The prosecutor said the clip included her admission that the deep-sea fishing text was a joke.

State's Exhibit 135 — A recording-related exhibit on which Wendi Adelson identified family voices. The court admitted it without objection during Day 2 testimony.

State's Exhibit 152 — A recording of a call made to the Adelson Institute during an undercover operation. Oscar Jimenez Jr. identified it as a fair and accurate recording, and the court overruled a hearsay objection and admitted it.

State's Exhibit 180 — A recording of a wiretapped call between Erika Johnson and Charlie Adelson. During Erika Johnson's redirect testimony, the court admitted the exhibit and later overruled objections before the recording was published in open court.

State's Exhibit 81M — Exhibit 81M combined an employment timeline with cash deposits and the date of the murder. It was published during questioning about earnings around that time.

State's Exhibit BB — Call BB was an April 28, 2016, 9:42 a.m. call from Charlie Adelson to Donna Adelson. The reporter cautions that the published transcription is not verbatim due to audio quality.

State's Exhibit CC — Call CC was Charlie Adelson calling Katherine Magbanua on April 28, 2016, shortly after BB. The published call reached Magbanua's cell-phone voicemail.

State's Exhibit CCC — State’s Exhibit CCC was identified as a call between Charlie Adelson and his mother after she spoke with the undercover. Adelson said he assumed the “handpiece” was her cell phone but did not know how she recorded the earlier call, and guessed that the new app allowed a telephone conversation to be recorded.

State's Exhibit D — State's Exhibit D is a call between Charlie Adelson and Katherine Magbanua. It was published during Adelson's direct testimony as he explained his recorded communications.

State's Exhibit DD — Call DD was an April 28, 2016, 10:43 a.m. call in which Katie Magbanua called Charlie Adelson back. The reporter cautions that the published transcription is not verbatim due to audio quality.

State's Exhibit DDD — During direct examination, counsel identified DDD as a May 7 evening call involving a CD, “dropping a mike,” and background noise. Charlie Adelson testified that he was on a friend’s small boat during the Fort Lauderdale Air and Sea Show when he made or answered the call.

State's Exhibit EE — Call EE was an April 28, 2016, 11:17 a.m. call from Charlie Adelson to Katherine Magbanua. The reporter cautions that the published transcription is not verbatim due to audio quality.

State's Exhibit GG — Call GG was an April 28, 2016, 11:33 a.m. call from Mr. Adelson to the undercover number.

State's Exhibit HH — Call HH was an April 28, 2016, 12:41 p.m. call in which Katie Magbanua returned a call to Charlie Adelson. The reporter cautions that the published transcription is not verbatim due to audio quality.

State's Exhibit JJ — JJ was a call Katie made to Garcia at 1:22 p.m. on the same date as the April 28 text, after he had not called her in response to that text.

State's Exhibit KK — A call from Garcia to Magbanua on April 28 at 1:46 p.m., played as State's Exhibit No. 138-KK.

State's Exhibit LL — A call from Garcia to Magbanua on April 28, 2016 at 2:09 p.m., published as State's Exhibit No. 138-LL; the reporter cautioned that the transcription was not verbatim due to audio quality.

State's Exhibit MM — A call from Charlie Adelson to Katie Magbanua on April 28 at 4:58 p.m., published as State's Exhibit No. 138-MM; the reporter cautioned that the transcription was not verbatim due to audio quality.

State's Exhibit No. 123 — State's Exhibit No. 123 is the complete recording of James Geiger's 911 call, made within minutes of finding his neighbor in the car. Geiger authenticated it as a fair and accurate recording, and the court admitted and published it on Day 1.

State's Exhibit No. 138-00 — State's Exhibit No. 138-00 is a call from Katherine Magbanua to Charlie Adelson on April 28, 2016, at 7:49 p.m. It was published on Day 7, about ten minutes after a referenced text message.

State's Exhibit No. 138-PP — State's Exhibit No. 138-PP is a call from Charlie Adelson to Katherine Magbanua. It was published on Day 7 with a caution that the accompanying transcription was not a verbatim record because of audio quality.

State's Exhibit No. 138-RR — A May 13, 2016, 4:06 p.m. call from Katherine Magbanua to Charlie Adelson. Agent Patrick Sanford identified it before it was published on Day 7, with a caution that the accompanying transcription was not a verbatim record because of audio quality.

SX-G — Counsel identified State Exhibit G as a 5:06 April 20 call between Charlie Adelson and his mother, and the reporter recorded its playback while cautioning that the transcript was not verbatim because of inaudibles and difficulty distinguishing speakers.

SX-H — State's Exhibit H was identified during examination as a call in evidence between Sigfredo Garcia and Katie Magbanua; Charlie Adelson testified that he was never on the call.

SX-J — State's Exhibit J was described in court as a 22-minute April 21 call between Charlie Adelson and Katherine Magbanua, which Adelson confirmed recalling.

SX-K — Counsel identified State Exhibit K as an April 21 call at approximately 11:00 a.m.; Charlie Adelson confirmed that it was between him and his mother.

T3 wiretap calls — The T3 wiretap calls were discussed before their potential use at trial. The court said it had not ruled on other proposed wiretaps and needed information about each call before deciding admissibility.

the calls listed as A, B, and C — The calls identified as A, B, and C were offered by the State during Patrick Sanford's recross-examination. The court declined the State's request to revisit its earlier ruling concerning those calls.

the tape of the conversation between Ms. Johnson and Charlie Adelson — A recording of a conversation between Ms. Johnson and Charlie Adelson. On Day 5, the court explained that it was admitted to show a reaction to the request for Magbanua's records rather than the truth of its statements.

the wires — Recorded calls referred to as “the wires.” During rebuttal closing on Day 8, the prosecutor told jurors that the calls were in evidence and could be reviewed with recording equipment during deliberations.

three calls between Charlie Adelson and Donna Adelson — Three recorded calls between Charlie Adelson and Donna Adelson. On Day 4, the court scheduled a hearing for any Crawford argument before the calls would be played.

three wiretaps between Donna Adelson and Charlie Adelson concerning the attempted blackmail ruse — Three wiretaps between Donna Adelson and Charlie Adelson concerning the attempted blackmail ruse. The court stated that their relevance was the absence of any reference to Katherine Magbanua, rather than the truth of the statements, and permitted them to be played.

TPD Interview (Lacasse) 3-6-15 — Counsel cited a March 6, 2015 recording in which he said Jeffrey Lacasse reiterated a statement about the legal community. Lacasse said he vaguely recalled saying something like that and explained that he was a non-lawyer receiving different messages.

Wire Call RR — Wire Call RR was identified by counsel as call No. 2653. Corbitt testified that he recalled Adelson telling Magbanua to let Sully handle her car repair and believed the call occurred on May 13, 2016, at about 4:06 p.m.

Wire recordings — During cross-examination about “those wires,” Magbanua acknowledged falsely telling Charlie Adelson that she had called an undercover number; she ultimately said she did not recall lying to Sigfredo Garcia on the wires.

Wire recordings — Cross-examination addressed recorded wire calls, including a call labeled “PP, Paul, Paul” in which counsel said Magbanua told Charlie Adelson about a message left for the bump contact. Magbanua said she believed that occurred and confirmed that she had not known she was being recorded.

wire tap calls and courtroom audio headphones — Wiretap calls and courtroom audio headphones. The court instructed that jurors could request the courtroom headphones in writing if they wished to use them during deliberations.

wiretap — Wiretap evidence discussed during Day 10 rebuttal closing. The prosecutor asked jurors to listen to it again when considering the charges against Garcia and Magbanua.

Wiretap 4/15/2016 — Defense counsel attributed “still work for you” to a phone call at 12:03 on April 15, 2016. Sanford recalled the statement but could not confirm the date, and the court excluded the call offered as Defense 1 as hearsay.

wiretap and Dolce Vita recordings — Wiretap and Dolce Vita recordings discussed during Day 8 closing argument. The prosecutor described the recordings as part of the evidence bearing on the communications after the bump.

Wiretap call — Magbanua statement 'I fuck up bitches for no reason...this is my business' — During cross-examination, Dugan attributed several statements to Magbanua from a wiretap call. Magbanua responded that only one call had been played, that she was upset, and that other calls should also have been played.

Wiretap call capturing Garcia's early-morning exchange with Magbanua — slurred speech, initial refusal to call the undercover number — Defense counsel described a wire-intercept call played at trial in which his client's speech was “a little slurred”; counsel said the client first refused to make a call, later agreed, but never made it.

wiretap calls — Wiretap calls discussed during Craig Isom's redirect testimony. The witness testified that language about contacting patients appeared staged and that no calls showed Katherine Magbanua actually contacting patients.

Wiretap calls (State) — Counsel referred to FBI interception of Magbanua's phone and discussed recordings identified as Calls 1392, 1394, Vv, and Z, with dates in April 2016, as well as a May 13 call between Magbanua and Charlie Adelson and additional recorded calls afterward.

Wiretap calls 1672 and 934 (offered by defense, excluded as hearsay) — During cross-examination, the defense offered phone-call material identified on the record as “call 1672 and 934”; the court excluded it as hearsay.

wiretap phone calls — Wiretap phone calls from an undercover operation conducted after the killing. In the Day 1 opening statement, the prosecutor explained that law enforcement obtained authorization to listen to calls involving Charlie Adelson and Katherine Magbanua after staging the bump.

wiretap phone calls and a hidden-camera recording at Dolce Vita — Wiretap phone calls and a hidden-camera recording at Dolce Vita. In the Day 1 opening statement, the prosecutor described them as communications generated after an undercover operation.

Wiretap recording of Katherine Magbanua (previewed, not yet admitted) — During redirect, counsel referred to a wiretap to be discussed later, and Craig Isom agreed that Magbanua's conduct on it contributed to the arrest decision.

wiretap recordings — over 400 of them — More than 400 wiretap recordings described in the defense's Day 1 opening statement. Defense counsel urged jurors to consider the recordings themselves and argued that they did not show Magbanua knew of a murder plan.

Wiretap recordings and minimized portions of calls — Wiretap recordings, including minimized portions of calls. Cross-examination testimony stated that a logged-in monitor enabled recording and that minimized portions would not be retained; it also described limits on coverage of non-electronic and encrypted communications.

Wiretapped phone call between Magbanua and Garcia in which Garcia was upset about her contact with Adelson, recorded around 8 a.m. — During cross-examination, Magbanua agreed that a phone call played for the jury concerned Garcia becoming upset after learning she had talked to Charlie Adelson; she described the call as fairly early rather than confirming an exact 8:00 a.m. time.

wiretaps — Wiretaps discussed in the defense's Day 10 closing argument. Defense counsel argued that the recorded communications supported the defense position that Charlie Adelson used Magbanua as a buffer for information.

Digital Evidence (232)

phone records — Phone records for Garcia, Rivera, and Adelson family members were discussed in relation to call activity, cell-site location, and communications among Magbanua, Garcia, and Charles Adelson. Rivera agreed the records could be used to assess how long he stayed in Tallahassee, and Magbanua was questioned about records said to place her near a rental-car location.

Call detail records — Call detail records showed communications involving Magbanua, Garcia, and Charles Adelson. Magbanua testified that increased Friday calls to Garcia reflected efforts to arrange care for their children, while defense counsel argued that selected summaries did not include all calls or identify every number.

Corbitt slide deck — A 139-page PowerPoint used during Christopher Corbitt’s testimony included numbered slides summarizing phone-call activity associated with the June and July 2014 trips to Tallahassee.

Defense Exhibit 34 — Defense Exhibit 34 consists of text messages between Katherine Magbanua and Charlie Adelson from November 27, 2013. Adelson identified the messages during direct examination, and the court admitted the exhibit after he testified that they were true and correct.

iCloud messages — iCloud messages included exchanges in which Magbanua asked Charlie Adelson for cash or loans and he offered favors or other things. In closing argument, the defense pointed to messages about a Lexus title transfer and payroll request, while the State later discussed the messages alongside other evidence.

GMKMCA3 mentions

State's Exhibit 183 — State's Exhibit 183 is an iCloud-record exhibit presented in a more readable format than previously displayed chat information. It was admitted without objection during Christopher Corbitt's redirect testimony.

CDR Rivera-Magbanua July 19, 2014 — During cross-examination, defense counsel represented that call-detail records showed Luis Rivera called Katherine Magbanua on July 19. Rivera denied it, and Craig Isom later testified, with a qualification about his recollection, that he believed Rivera had called her.

Charles Adelson's iCloud data — Charles Adelson's synced iCloud data was processed into reports using digital-forensics tools. Testimony identified a phone number saved as “Ecofriendly Shop” in the iCloud data and described that some deleted chat logs can sometimes be visible through Cellebrite.

Charles Adelson's iCloud messages — Charles Adelson's iCloud messages included communications involving Katherine Magbanua and material that had been deleted from the account. During cross-examination, the messages were discussed in relation to communications about purchasing a vehicle, while the witness maintained her analysis concerned bank records.

Charlie Adelson's iCloud records — Charlie Adelson's iCloud records were discussed alongside call-detail records and the possible capture of FaceTime calls. Witnesses described uncertainty about whether FaceTime activity would appear in iCloud records and the possibility that a deleted record might not remain.

Defendant's Exhibit 58 — Defendant's Exhibit 58 contains selected July 18 text messages between Charlie Adelson and Katherine Magbanua. The court admitted the July 18 texts and excluded other proposed texts.

Defense 29 — A text message states that the sender was leaving a night job because of late pay, the work involved, and cleaning duties. It was admitted as Defense Exhibit 29 during redirect testimony on Day 6.

Defense 3 — Defense Exhibit 3 concerns a text message stating, "I'll let you know my availability." The exhibit was admitted as impeachment evidence, and later questioning addressed the message and surrounding content.

Defense 5 — Defense Exhibit 5 consists of text messages that included a statement to put that the recipient worked in the office rather than at home. Testimony distinguished Adelson Institute paychecks from evidence of actual employment there.

State's Exhibit 137 — State's Exhibit 137 was identified as Dan Markel's cell-phone records and received in evidence.

State's Exhibit 139 — State's Exhibit 139 is a CD containing electronic T-Mobile records provided in response to a legal demand. A T-Mobile representative identified the records as consistent with those previously provided in 2014, and the exhibit was admitted.

State's Exhibit 63 — State's Exhibit 63 is a text-message record concerning identifying information sent in September 2014. The court directed that the social security number be sealed from public display and redacted after trial.

WhatsApp and Viber — WhatsApp and Viber were messaging applications Ann Elizabeth Cunningham said she often used to communicate with Mrs. Adelson. She described using the apps while traveling because they were free and helpful for coordinating meeting locations.

"Outside your house" text message — The "outside your house" text message was discussed during redirect testimony about Donna Adelson's location. Corbitt said he believed the message indicated she was outside Charlie Adelson's house.

119-120 — The State identified Exhibit 119 as a thumb drive containing raw data from Premier and Exhibit 120 as a thumb drive containing raw data from the bus; defense counsel stated there were no objections to those exhibits.

15 and 16 — Defendant Magbanua Exhibits 15 and 16 were admitted after the court overruled the State's objection. The materials are described as two exhibits dated in September.

2011 Donna-to-Charlie text about office accounts and safe cash — In a 2011 message read by Mary Hull, Donna Adelson asked Charlie Adelson about transferring $25,000 between office accounts while moving the same amount of safe-held cash into Charlie's pile; Hull testified that Charlie replied, “no problem.”

Adelson iCloud Cellebrite report — A digital-forensics examiner testified that he processed Charles Adelson’s iCloud information and created a Cellebrite report organizing data such as contacts, calendar events, recordings, and messages.

Adelson iCloud data — During cross-examination, defense counsel referred to Charles Adelson's iCloud data and described it as containing 300,000 events.

Adelson iCloud records — In opening argument, defense counsel said authorities had Charlie Adelson's iCloud account, text messages, and phone information.

Adelson text message referencing taking Garcia 'deep sea fishing' — During cross-examination, counsel characterized an Adelson text message as saying someone wanted to take him deep-sea fishing; Magbanua agreed and said it did not mean a friendly fishing trip.

another Apple return — An Apple return that listed the 305-934-6615 number for Luis Rivera. Corbitt described it while discussing contact entries that associated names or nicknames with telephone numbers.

Apple account details of Luis Rivera — Apple account details of Luis Rivera, described as records sent to TPD in response to a court order. The court found no discovery violation and permitted the document's use.

Apple Confidential spreadsheet — An Excel spreadsheet titled Apple Confidential that defense counsel said had been provided in discovery. Counsel described it as material obtained through an Apple subpoena and said it concerned the 8153 phone number.

Apple records, one USB drive, one CD and one Blu-ray — Apple account details sent to the Tallahassee Police Department in response to a court order, preserved on a USB drive, CD, and Blu-ray. During a Day 4 procedural discussion, the State represented that the material had been included in the original 2016 discovery provided to the defense.

Apple response records — An Apple subpoena response presented as an Excel spreadsheet with a business-record certification. In the proffer, a witness had only briefly seen it, and the examination addressed a phone number in the response that differed by one digit from another number under discussion.

AT&T call-detail and data-session records — AT&T carrier records containing communication events and data sessions. Testimony explained that a data session showed the phone was on and connected to the network when the session began, but did not establish minute-by-minute activity or identify individual app-based communications.

AT&T call-detail reports — AT&T call-detail reports compared with an iCloud backup for Charlie Adelson's phone. Testimony gave an overall count of 3,084 SMS and MMS messages for one period and explained that messages absent from a backup could have different explanations.

call detail records / demonstrative maps — Corbitt testified that handset locations were plotted for the June 3, 2014 Comfort rental timeframe. He found no consistent location events in Adelson's, Magbanua's, or Rivera's records and said Garcia location records were unavailable for that timeframe.

call detail records used for mapping — Call-detail records used to map the cell sites with which a handset communicated. Corbitt testified that the mapping showed cell-site or tower locations, not precise locations of the handset itself.

Call-detail and cell-site records — Call-detail and cell-site records discussed on Day 4 included carrier call and text records. Testimony explained that attempted communications, carrier practices, and iMessage traffic can leave gaps in available cell-site or carrier data.

Call-detail records and cell-site-location analysis — Call-detail and cell-site records used in testimony about handset communications, cell sites, and network status. Corbitt said Magbanua's handset activity on June 2 was consistent with travel from her residence toward the Comfort Rent-A-Car area, while Garcia's carrier records did not provide location information for that June period.

Call-detail records and iCloud extraction — A comparison of call-detail counts and an iCloud extraction. On cross-examination, Sawicki said the 3,084 figure was an overall number of SMS or MMS messages rather than a review of message content.

cell phone records and a K-Mart receipt with surveillance video — Cell phone records, a K-Mart receipt, and surveillance video that Jeffrey Lacasse said he understood showed his location in Tennessee. He discussed them while describing the investigation that initially treated him as a possible suspect.

cell phone records and locations — Cell phone records and location information discussed in the State's opening statement. The prosecutor said the records would show communications and handset activity associated with the June and July trips described in Rivera's account.

cell phone summary — A cell phone summary identified during the charge conference as among the materials to be sent to the jury room when deliberations began.

Cell-site activity for Katherine Magbanua's phone on July 19, 2014 — Cell-site activity for Katherine Magbanua's phone during the morning of July 19, 2014. A witness agreed that activity during the cited period could be consistent with Jessica Rodriguez's house.

Cell-site communication records for Katherine Magbanua's handset — Cell-site communication records showing locations at the beginning and end of individual handset communication events. Corbitt testified that the records did not provide continuous locations throughout the interval discussed.

cell-site tower records and analysis — Cell-site tower records and analysis discussed on redirect in relation to estimated drive timing and factors affecting tower communications. Corbitt said no part of the records caused him to believe the records or his analysis were unreliable.

cell-tower and phone-location records — Cell-tower and phone-location records described in the State's opening statement as tracking Rivera's and Garcia's phones from Miami to Tallahassee, around the Premier gym area, and later southbound. The prosecutor said the phones were consistent with being inactive around the time the Prius waited at the gym and becoming active again after the killing.

cell-tower records for the alleged first trip — Cell-tower records concerning Luis Rivera's alleged Miami-to-Tallahassee trip about a month before the killing. Defense counsel argued that the records did not show Sigfredo Garcia traveling on that trip.

Cellebrite (Wendi Adelson, July 18 2014) — A Cellebrite extraction of Wendi Adelson's phone occurred in the late evening of July 18.

Cellebrite extraction from Donna Adelson's phone — Forensic extraction from Donna Adelson's seized phone, used as a source for a presentation that also drew on Charles Adelson's iCloud records.

Cellebrite extraction slide 28 — Slide 28 displayed a July 2 series of text messages between Charlie Adelson and Katherine Magbanua. Corbitt said the material had been cut and pasted from the Cellebrite report and confirmed that two displayed statements were Magbanua's, not Adelson's.

Cellebrite report — A Cellebrite report was discussed during Christopher Corbitt's Day 4 cross-examination. The court allowed contextual questioning about messages without verbatim use of unadmitted text.

Cellebrite report for Sigfredo Garcia's phone — A Cellebrite UFED report generated by extracting data from Sigfredo Garcia's phone after it was received following his arrest. The examiner distinguished it from a ZRT report.

Charles Adelson's iCloud account — Charles Adelson's iCloud account was described as containing text messages, instant messages, WhatsApp messages, and messages he had tried to delete from 2012 through 2016. Defense counsel said the account included messages showing Magbanua was unaware of an exchange involving Garcia.

Charles Adelson's iCloud records and text messages — Charles Adelson's iCloud records included text messages between Katherine Magbanua and Charles Adelson. During procedural argument, defense counsel sought to use portions of the records to impeach testimony about communications involving Garcia.

Charlie Adelson iCloud data — over 300,000 iMessages spanning 2012 to 2016, reviewed through Cellebrite Reader — Charles Adelson’s iCloud information was received from Apple and reviewed through Cellebrite Reader. Corbitt said that a count of over 300,000 iMessages sounded correct and confirmed that the information covered 2012 through 2016.

Charlie Adelson iCloud Text Messages — On cross-examination, counsel described text messages about car repairs in which Charlie Adelson put the repairs on his credit card despite Katherine Magbanua telling him not to; Mary Hull agreed and said the charge could be seen on the card.

Charlie Adelson phone records and iCloud account data — location events for July 14 evening at Magbanua's residence — Corbitt testified that he believed Charlie Adelson and Katherine Magbanua met that evening; he said Adelson's handset location and an iCloud communication were consistent with going to dinner, and his phone records showed the handset going from his residence to hers and later departing the area.

Charlie Adelson's iCloud backup data — Charlie Adelson's iCloud backup contained phone-call and text-message material marked as deleted. A comparison with call-detail records showed messages appearing in those records that did not appear in the iCloud information, without identifying their content or recipients.

Charlie Adelson's iCloud contents — Charlie Adelson's iCloud contents were obtained through a search warrant to Apple. The witness described an iCloud backup as potentially containing communications, location information, call logs, pictures, contacts, and other phone content, and said his review found no communication evidence between Charlie Adelson and Garcia or Rivera.

Charlie Adelson's iCloud return — Charlie Adelson's iCloud return retained a text that directed its reader to erase it after reading. The witness could not determine whether it had been deleted from the device.

Charlie-Magbanua iMessage about pay-period dates — Defense counsel read a sequence described as November 6, 2014 messages between Charles Adelson and Katherine Magbanua, including a statement about not knowing the pay-period dates and a request for a call while driving.

Charlie–Magbanua car-repair loan discussion — Mary Hull confirmed that messages described Katherine Magbanua asking Charlie Adelson for a car-repair loan and Adelson responding that he had contacted Sully and sent his credit-card information.

Charlie–Magbanua car-repair text thread — Mary Hull described a November 2015 exchange in which Charlie Adelson continued offering to pay for Katherine Magbanua's car repairs by credit card; she also testified that his Amex records showed a $1,620.77 Mazda payment.

Charlie–Magbanua cruise-offer text thread — Mary Hull described October 2015 messages in which Katherine Magbanua discussed a Thanksgiving trip with her mother and Charlie Adelson offered to get them a cruise.

Charlie's iCloud records — Charlie's iCloud records were discussed during Katherine Magbanua's direct testimony on Day 7.

Comfort Rent-A-Car tracking-device location information — A tracking device on a Comfort Rent-A-Car vehicle provided periodic location information. For the morning of June 5, the information was described as consistent with the vehicle being in the Budget Inn parking lot.

composite block of text messages — A composite collection of text messages offered by the defense to show Charlie Adelson's state of mind. The court sustained objections to the composite on hearsay, relevance, and confusion concerns, while permitting consideration of qualifying individual messages.

CorrLinks emails — CorrLinks emails were used in cross-examination of Luis Rivera. Rivera confirmed that messages bearing his prison number identified him and that he sent messages to an account associated with Garcia's nickname for forwarding outside prison.

Court Exhibit 197 — Court Exhibit 197, a disc containing the PowerPoint used by Georgia Cappleman in closing argument and received into evidence.

Credit card receipt from convenience store (June 4, 2014) — Jeffrey Lacasse testified that on June 4 he went to a convenience store for Pepto-Bismol and other items and recalled the date specifically because he had a credit card receipt.

Defendant Magbanua Exhibit No. 12 — Defendant Magbanua Exhibit No. 12 consists of screenshots from a Cellebrite timeline. It was admitted without objection during Christopher Corbitt's Day 6 cross-examination.

Defendant Magbanua's Exhibit No. 17 — Defendant Magbanua Exhibit No. 17 is a Cellebrite printout of Adelson's iCloud information. It was identified with iCloud messages between Magbanua and Adelson that included loan requests, repayment language, and discussion of a credit card sent to Sully; testimony did not establish the underlying transactions.

Defendant Magbanua's Exhibit No. 18 — Defendant Magbanua Exhibit No. 18 is a Cellebrite printout of Adelson's iCloud information. It was identified with iCloud messages between Magbanua and Adelson that included loan requests, repayment language, and discussion of a credit card sent to Sully; testimony did not establish the underlying transactions.

Defendant Magbanua's Exhibit No. 19 — Defendant Magbanua Exhibit No. 19 is a Cellebrite printout of Adelson's iCloud information. Counsel connected a Magbanua message praising dental work with an Adelson Institute charge on the same date, and Corbitt said the charge could possibly have paid for the referenced work.

Defense Exhibit (Facebook records) — During closing argument, defense counsel said subpoenaed Facebook records were presented concerning Magbanua's promotions and nightclub work from 2013 through 2015.

Defense Exhibit (hours availability) — During recross, defense counsel referred to a defense exhibit about Katherine Magbanua stating how many hours she could commit. Mary Hull said she remembered the text message but had read only that message and did not know its context.

Defense Exhibit 12 — Defense Exhibit 12 concerned iCloud records. The court identified it as one of the limited subjects authorized for Garcia's recross on Day 6.

Defense Exhibit 15 — Defense Exhibit 15 concerned messages between Katherine Magbanua and Charles Adelson about availability, scheduling, and beginning work; Hull said the messages did not identify the job. The court admitted the exhibit on Day 6.

Defense Exhibit 15 and 16 — Defense Exhibits 15 and 16 were proposed text-message exhibits. The State raised a self-serving-hearsay objection and requested advance notice of additional exhibits; this cross-examination segment ended without a ruling.

Defense Exhibit 17 and 18 — Two sets of messages concerning alleged loans from Charles Adelson to Katherine Magbanua were offered to provide repayment context for money discussed elsewhere. The court sustained the State's hearsay objection, kept the exhibits in the record, and did not send them to the jury.

Defense Exhibit 19 and 20 — Defense Exhibit 19 concerned dental work, while Exhibit 20 was described as a later text message about leaving nightclub work that involved cash tips. The court sustained objections to both exhibits.

Defense Exhibit 32-39 — Defense Exhibits 32 through 39 are text-message exhibits. The defense said they were offered to provide context about relationships, possible access, and communications, including an asserted absence of murder-related communications.

Defense Exhibit 33 — Defense Exhibit 33 is a text message dated March 12, 2014. It was shown to Katherine Magbanua during Day 7 redirect testimony.

Defense Exhibit 35-37 — Defense Exhibits 35 through 37 were later relationship texts offered as bearing on Charlie Adelson's state of mind and the position that Katherine Magbanua wanted a more serious relationship. The court allowed them as relevant to the stated motive theory, required Exhibit 37 to be published, and cautioned about impeachment without prior confrontation.

Defense Exhibit 39 — Defense Exhibit 39 is a Cellebrite printout representing a segment of Charles Adelson's iCloud account. Katherine Magbanua identified it during Day 7 redirect testimony.

Defense Exhibit 40 and 41 — Defense Exhibits 40 and 41 were introduced and admitted during Katherine Magbanua's Day 7 redirect testimony.

Defense Exhibit 43 — Defense Exhibit 43 is a composite of text messages from June 2 through June 7, 2014. The State objected on hearsay and relevance grounds, and the court recessed the jury to review it.

Defense Exhibit 9 — Defense Exhibit 9 is a screenshot of Luis Rivera's Instagram account. Rivera identified it as a fair and accurate depiction of what a non-follower would see when looking up the account, and it was admitted.

defense phone-record exhibits — Defense phone-record exhibits consisted of cell-phone records shown to Christopher Corbitt. On redirect, he explained that the raw records could include duplicate or routed events and that the analysis addressed whether locations were consistent with service from a particular cell site.

Dentrix — During cross-examination, Erika Johnson identified Dentrix as software used in the office and agreed that it handled patient records, billing, and other dental-office functions and permitted remote access to the same screen displayed at an office desk.

disks — Disks were among the audio, cell-phone summary, jump-drive, photographic, and video exhibits identified for delivery to the jury room at the start of deliberations.

Donna Adelson's call detail records — The call detail records were reviewed for an identified Annie Cunningham number during a specified July 18 period. The analyst testified that she found no call to that number during that period.

Donna Adelson's emails and text messages — The communications include Donna Adelson's emails and text messages. A witness described reviewing an early group of emails after the relocation ruling and said the review did not include, or she did not recall, later relocation-related emails.

Donna-Charlie texts (2016) — During argument, the State said 2016 text messages showed Donna Adelson's reaction to Charlie Adelson proposing another theory of Dan Markel's murder and argued that the reaction was inconsistent with believing she had been extorted for two years.

Donna's cell phone records — Donna's cell phone records included AT&T records across various periods, along with Sprint, Verizon, and T-Mobile records. The analyst explained that call-detail entries can require manual review and deduplication because one incoming call routed to voicemail may generate multiple entries.

Donna's Google search for 'extortion versus blackmail' seven days before Charlie's trial — In closing argument, the prosecutor said Donna Adelson searched for the difference between blackmail and extortion seven days before Charlie Adelson’s trial began.

E-vite sent by defendant (defense mischaracterization disputed by Cappleman) — A July 3, 2014 reminder email concerned Donna's July 5 event. Corbitt also described an email from the Donnaharvey Gmail account, signed by Donna Adelson, following up on whether Evite invitations had been sent and indicating that she had listed the attendees as contacts.

Email communication with Luis Rivera — The email communication with Luis Rivera included a June 2016 message in which Rodriguez expressed support for Rivera and said her actions would be to bring him home. Rodriguez acknowledged the email address used to communicate with him and said that, if she wrote the message, it was in writing.

Evite emails — The Evite emails included a statement that Donna Adelson told Evite she entered invitees as contacts.

Exhibit 15 — In rebuttal closing, Georgia Cappleman referred to a 2015 text message she attributed to the defendant, addressed to Charlie Adelson, saying, “next time don't be such a dick to someone that has done something for you.”

extraction report for both LG phones — The report documents extractions from two LG phones received in May 2016. Testimony addressed phone-extraction and iCloud records concerning May 2016 communications and a phone number appearing in both sets of contacts.

Facebook search warrant — Corey Hale testified that he wrote a Facebook search warrant concerning Katy Magbanua’s Facebook presence, but he did not know specifically whether the account used the name Katy Cash.

Follow-up email asking whether Harvey Adelson birthday invitations were sent — An email signed by Donna Adelson asked Evite whether fourteen invitations had been sent and explained that the attendees had been entered in the form's contact section.

Garcia T-Mobile/MetroPCS call detail records — location data unavailable for June period due to MetroPCS–T-Mobile carrier transition; available for July — Corbitt testified that Garcia's records showed phone activity but lacked location information for a broader June period despite demands to MetroPCS and T-Mobile; he also confirmed that Garcia's July 2014 records contained location information.

Garcia-Adelson call — In closing argument, defense counsel said a direct call from Sigfredo Garcia to the Adelson family linked Garcia to the Adelsons and led investigators to him.

Government Exhibit 184 — Government Exhibit 184 was discussed during recross as beginning with a discussion of wisdom teeth. The questioning addressed the limits of interpreting text messages without surrounding communications.

Government Exhibit 185 — Government Exhibit 185 contained wording directing that work be listed as being in an office rather than at home. The court limited recross to the exhibit and instructed counsel not to ask the witness to speculate about that wording's meaning.

Government Exhibit 77 — Government's Exhibit 77 was identified as a Facebook business record for Tuto Dade. Craig Isom testified that he did not know whether Facebook could track mobile users and had not inquired about that ability.

government phone records exhibit — Defense counsel identified Government's Exhibit 128 as Rivera's phone records and said they reflected more than 8,000 text messages sent and received between May and October 2014.

GPS pings or GPS data for rental vehicles — GPS pings or GPS data for rental vehicles were discussed in testimony about the locations of June and July rental vehicles. The court overruled an objection that this questioning was beyond the scope of direct examination.

Harvey Adelson AT&T call detail records — showing July 1 Garcia call routed to voicemail with three-event routing pattern — Corbitt described a July 1, 2014, 5:20 p.m. call in Harvey Adelson's raw call-detail records as three events comprising one incoming call from Garcia's number and routing it to Adelson's voicemail.

iCloud / defense exhibit — A defense-shown message from the defendant's iCloud concerned Donna Adelson asking for caterer information. Christopher Corbitt confirmed that this caterer message did not instruct the recipient to delete it after reading.

iCloud iMessage thread (schedule context) — After reviewing a full text thread containing a “put me on the schedule” message, Craig Isom testified that the scheduling appeared to concern Katherine Magbanua arranging for Charlie Adelson to remove a wisdom tooth.

iCloud information — The iCloud information included many events and showed deleted text messages involving several phone numbers, including numbers unrelated to Magbanua. The witness said the material could be filtered to identify deleted messages.

iCloud messages (unnumbered at time of cross) — On redirect, counsel referred to material the defense had shown from iCloud concerning a Lexus discussion.

iCloud messages from State discovery — The iCloud messages were State-provided discovery materials discussed during a procedural hearing. The court directed that cross-examination materials be shown when used and allowed the State a short review period before redirect if needed.

iCloud text message stating "Outside your house" — The iCloud text message contains the words "Outside your house." Testimony explained that an iCloud-returned message would not be expected to include location information, and no location information was available for that message.

Instagram account posts — Instagram account posts were reviewed to identify an exact day. The witness agreed that the posts provided a record of that date.

Instagram picture of the night Mascaro watched the children — The Instagram picture was described as a picture from the night Mascaro watched the children. The witness said the picture was on her Instagram account.

Jessica Rodriguez email (siannanegron1020@gmail.com) — Luis Rivera testified that he communicated with Jessica Rodriguez at siannanegron1020@gmail.com and emailed her on May 10, 2016, seeking Sigfredo Garcia’s cell-phone number.

jump drives — Jump drives were included with audio, cell phone summaries, disks, photographic exhibits, and video exhibits in the court's proposed instruction about materials sent to the jury room at the start of deliberations.

Katherine Magbanua phone records — plotted for June 2 and June 6 rental-adjacent travel and July 15 pre-trip activity — Corbitt testified that Magbanua's phone records contained location information plotted for June 2 and described as consistent with travel toward Comfort Rent-A-Car; he described June 6 records similarly and said early July 15 events were consistent with her residence.

Katherine Magbanua's Apple iCloud return — Katherine Magbanua's Apple iCloud return included contact entries associating names or nicknames with telephone numbers. A witness described reviewing those contact entries in a proffer about a number Magbanua thought she was calling for Luis Rivera.

Katherine Magbanua's cell phone records — During cross-examination, defense counsel stated that Katherine Magbanua’s cell-phone records were in evidence and asserted that they showed no call with Sigfredo Garcia before noon that day. Rivera responded that both had throwaway phones.

Katherine Magbanua's iCloud contact entry labeled "Tato" with the 934 number — Katherine Magbanua's iCloud contact list included an entry labeled "Tato" with the 934 number. During Day 3 procedural discussion, the State said that contact entry was why the number appeared in its slide show.

Katherine Magbanua's iCloud contacts — Magbanua's iCloud contacts included a number saved for Luis Rivera. During Day 3 procedural discussion, the State sought foundation testimony about calls to that contact during June and July trips.

Katherine Magbanua's iCloud data — Magbanua's iCloud data was among Apple data presented to Michael Dillmore for evaluation. He testified that synced phone activity can appear in a subpoena response.

Kmart surveillance footage — Kmart surveillance footage showed Jeffrey Lacasse at a Kmart in Tennessee shortly after the murder. Lacasse testified that the footage, together with credit-card and cell-phone information, placed him in Tennessee and excluded him as a suspect.

Lacasse-to-Charlie Text — Jeffrey Lacasse testified that he sent Charlie Adelson one text after meeting him and confirmed the message read by defense counsel, which thanked Adelson for his hospitality and said it was great to meet him.

logical extraction of wendi Adelson's phone — A logical extraction was performed on Wendi Adelson's phone. Christopher Corbitt testified that a logical extraction generally contains less information than a complete extraction, while noting the smaller amount could also reflect less data on the device.

Luis Rivera's iCloud information — Luis Rivera's iCloud information was discussed as having yielded nothing attainable. Patrick Sanford said he could not determine whether data was absent, not shared to iCloud, or deleted.

Magbanua phone contact entry for Jessica Rodriguez (Jessica Flaca) — During questioning, counsel said a number ending in 3720 appeared in Katherine Magbanua’s phone as “Jessica Flaca.” Rodriguez confirmed that the number was hers at the relevant time and that she had used “Flaca” as a nickname when younger.

Magbanua's iCloud contact record for the 934 number labeled "Tato" — Magbanua's iCloud contact record listed the 934 number as "Tato." Corbitt testified on Day 3 that an outgoing voice call to that number appeared with Magbanua's communications during the June trip, and the calls did not connect.

Magbanua's phone — Magbanua testified that she continued using her phone, including to communicate with family, before her arrest. She also said she stopped speaking with Charlie after publicity concerning the case.

Mascaro's Instagram — Mascaro reviewed her Instagram to refresh her recollection of when Magbanua's children spent the night with her in July 2014. Her recall testimony addressed the July 18 overnight stay.

May 13 text message from Katherine Magbanua to Sigfredo Garcia — The May 13 text message from Katherine Magbanua to Sigfredo Garcia referred to having Garcia's mechanic call her mechanic. Cross-examination addressed whether the text and related calls established Garcia's knowledge of a connection between the mechanic and Charlie Adelson.

May 4 text message — The May 4 text was sent to Donna Adelson at 2:09 a.m. in 2016 after an earlier demand for $5,000 received no payment. Oscar Jimenez Jr. testified that the investigative team instructed him to write it.

message 307 — Message 307 contained the name Luis Rivera and was dated May 14, 2016.

message 417 from the phone extraction — Message 417 was a communication from a phone extraction discussed during Michael Dillmore's Day 8 direct examination. The court sustained an objection to asking Dillmore to identify communications with Luis Rivera from message content.

messages — The messages were hostile communications Ryan Fitzpatrick acknowledged sending to Charlie Adelson amid a dispute over repayment of money. Cross-examination addressed threats to contact law enforcement and accusations against Adelson.

Ms. Magbanua's Sprint cell-tower records — Magbanua's Sprint cell-tower records showed use of a tower about two-thirds of a mile southeast of Jessica Rodriguez's home during a stated July 19 time period. Defense expert John Sawicki testified that the tower covered a heavily traveled Biscayne Boulevard area and that Magbanua's phone used it frequently.

NN — NN was identified as an April 28, 2016, 7:39 p.m. text from Mr. Garcia to Ms. Magbanua stating that he called three times, received no answer, and left no message.

phone and communication records — Phone and communication records included call patterns, texts, iCloud material, and other communications discussed in the State's Day 8 closing argument. The prosecutor argued that these records, alongside travel and rental records, connected communications among the people described in the State's account.

phone calls — Phone calls discussed in the defense opening included Charlie Adelson's calls with his mother, sister, and girlfriend, as well as a July 1, 2014 call described by the defense. Rashbaum said the defense expected communications evidence to support its account of alleged extortion.

Phone number (954) 581-1747 — A forensic examiner testified that the number appeared in Charles Adelson's iCloud data and in a download of Sigfredo Garcia's phone, where it was saved as “Sully-mech.” The examiner did not know who the contact labels referred to.

Phone records linking Nobles to Rivera — Nobles agreed with counsel that phone records from a phone he used showed communication between him and Luis Rivera.

phone-call record — The phone-call record reflected regular calls on June 23, July 20, and July 21. On Day 7, Cunningham said she had no reason to dispute those calls if they appeared in the record.

Phone, cell-site, GPS, and call-detail records — Phone, cell-site, GPS, and call-detail records were used in the State's closing argument to describe handset activity, travel, rental-car locations, and communications involving Garcia, Magbanua, Rivera, and Adelson. The State argued that the records aligned with the June and July travel sequences and a later meeting.

Prius rental, surveillance, toll, and vehicle-condition evidence — The evidence included the Prius rental contract, surveillance and toll information, and evidence of a hole in the passenger-side floorboard and damage to the fuel line. In closing, the State argued that these records and vehicle conditions traced the Prius and corroborated its account of the July trip.

Prosecution CDR chart — Defense counsel referred to a prosecution phone-record/CDR sheet and chart showing call sequences, arguing that the text messages helped explain those calls.

Real-time call-detail records, described as a pen register or trap trace — Real-time call-detail information was distinguished from historical provider records during cross-examination of Christopher Corbitt. Corbitt said he was not certain, without checking dates, whether Garcia's number had a pen register and trap trace.

rental-vehicle GPS location information — Rental-vehicle GPS location information was compared with handset activity, rental agreements, and a traffic citation to describe June and July travel. Corbitt testified that the GPS information and Rivera's handset records were each consistent with the area of Markel's residence during the June trip.

Rental-vehicle GPS records — Rental-vehicle GPS records were displayed with cell-site information during testimony about the June and July travel sequences. Corbitt identified GPS locations near Winthrop Park during the June trip and a rental-vehicle location consistent with Magbanua's residence on July 15.

Rivera AT&T call detail records with location data — plotted on demonstrative maps for June and July trips — Corbitt testified that Rivera's call-detail records contained location information used to plot travel from Miami to Tallahassee on June 4 and the return on June 5; after correcting himself, he said Rivera and Garcia records also showed a trip leaving Miami July 16 and returning July 18.

Rivera's Instagram photo posted during the murder trip, later ordered removed — Rivera testified that he posted an Instagram photograph, possibly of a lion, but did not remember which trip it was from. He said Garcia told him to remove it because it showed where they were and attributed that instruction to Katie through Garcia.

Screenshot from a database concerning the Rivera traffic stop — A database screenshot concerning the Rivera traffic stop was disclosed shortly before the State rested. The court found no prejudice, permitted the defense to speak with Trooper Downing before calling him, and reserved any separate issue involving improper influence.

Sergeant Corbitt's frequency reports — Sergeant Corbitt's frequency reports were discussed during Kelsey Guay's cross-examination. Guay agreed the reports accurately represented raw data and that Charlie Adelson was Donna Adelson's most frequent contact during the specified period.

Spirian GPS records for Prius rental car — Spireon GPS location information for the Prius included a 10:25 p.m. location on July 15 that appeared to be in the parking lot of Ms. Magbanua's residence.

State Exhibit (Magbanua texts August 2014) — Counsel read an August 25, 2014 text attributed to Katherine Magbanua asking Charlie Adelson to erase her number and go on with his life; Adelson said it sounded familiar.

State's 117 — State's Exhibit 117 contains raw Premier Gym surveillance data. It was admitted by stipulation without defense objection on Day 1.

State's 118 — State's Exhibit 118 is a thumb drive containing raw surveillance data from StarMetro buses. The data came from cameras mounted on city buses and was admitted by stipulation.

State's 130 — State's Exhibit 130 is an admitted iCloud-message exhibit. It was introduced during redirect testimony addressing selected iCloud communications and whether they showed direct contact between Garcia and Charlie Adelson.

State's 132 — State's Exhibit 132 contains iCloud text messages that had been shown to the witness during defense questioning. It was admitted without objection during redirect testimony.

State's 135 — Surrounding iMessage content for the message shown in Defense Exhibit 3 included a reference to Mr. Adelson taking out Ms. Magbanua's wisdom teeth. The court admitted State's Exhibit 135 without objection during redirect testimony on Day 6.

State's 58 — State's Exhibit 58 was a visa chat. The court admitted the exhibit without objection on Day 6.

State's 60–61 — State’s Exhibits 60 and 61 were admitted after Craig Isom testified about materials from the Tuto Dade Facebook account. He said Exhibit 61 contained the phone number associated with “Brother,” and Exhibit 60 was the account cover photo, which he identified as Sigfredo Garcia.

State's 73B — State's Exhibit 73B was a summary containing selected texts from voluminous records drawn from Donna Adelson's seized phone and Charlie Adelson's iCloud records. The court admitted the summary on Day 6.

State's 81 — State's Exhibit 81 was Mary Hull's composite summary of findings from voluminous financial records. The court admitted it after Hull identified it as an accurate summary of her findings.

State's Exhibit [unnumbered in transcript] — State's Exhibit 134 was identified as a CD containing Harvey Adelson's cell-phone records for (954)980-9032.

State's Exhibit 101 through 104 — State's Exhibits 101 through 104 are T-Mobile, AT&T, Verizon, and Sprint tower-dump records. A witness testified that the records carried carrier certifications and were used in forming results or opinions before the court admitted them.

State's Exhibit 101-104 — State's Exhibits 101 through 104 concerned a tower-dump comparison. Christopher Corbitt testified that the comparison identified no number with events at all requested locations during the requested time frames, while explaining that a handset with no captured activity could be absent from the results.

State's Exhibit 126 — State's Exhibit 126 was a disc containing the Cellebrite report created for Wendi Adelson's phone. The court sustained a hearsay objection to the full report while admitting four selected extracts over objection.

State's Exhibit 128 — State's Exhibit 128 was identified as Luis Rivera's phone records and admitted into evidence.

State's Exhibit 129 — State's Exhibit 129 was identified as Sigfredo Garcia's phone records and admitted into evidence.

State's Exhibit 130 — State's Exhibit 130 was identified in testimony as information from the Tuto Dade Facebook account, including a disc described as containing images and dialogue. The court sustained the objection to Exhibit 130 and separately admitted Exhibits 76 and 77.

State's Exhibit 131 — State's Exhibit 131 was a disc containing phone records related to Wendi Adelson. The court overruled a hearsay objection and admitted it on Day 2.

State's Exhibit 132 — State's Exhibit 132 was identified as Donna Adelson's phone records and received in evidence.

State's Exhibit 133 — State's Exhibit 133 was identified as Charlie Adelson's cellular-phone records and received in evidence.

State's Exhibit 140 — State's Exhibit 140 contained AT&T tower-dump search-warrant results. The court admitted it with the Verizon and Sprint tower-dump records on Day 3.

State's Exhibit 141 — State's Exhibit 141 contained Verizon tower-dump results. The court admitted it with the AT&T and Sprint tower-dump records on Day 3.

State's Exhibit 142 — State's Exhibit 142 contained Sprint tower-dump results. It was admitted with the AT&T and Verizon tower-dump records.

State's Exhibit 150 — A CD containing Mary Hull's Excel analysis of multiple bank accounts for Katherine Magbanua, prepared from bank statements. Hull testified that the records, entries, and data on the disc were accurate based on the bank records.

State's Exhibit 170 — State's Exhibit 170 was a disk containing a Cellebrite report created from Apple's search-warrant response for Charlie Adelson's iCloud. The witness described the software as decoding and organizing data without adding to or subtracting from its contents.

State's Exhibit 171 and 172 — State's Exhibit 171 was a disk containing a copy of the ZIP file recovered from Apple's search-warrant response for Charlie Adelson's iCloud, and Exhibit 172 was the related FTK report. The reports were described as processing the Apple response without altering its contents.

State's Exhibit 184 — Text-message material offered with the top two lines omitted after a dispute over whether messages concerned employment or a dental appointment. The court overruled the objection and admitted the exhibit subject to that redaction.

State's Exhibit 185 — Text-message material concerning office work and pay-period dates. The court admitted State's Exhibit 185 subject to its prior ruling.

State's Exhibit 193 — Two text messages from Charlie Adelson's iCloud return, identified as accurate based on review of the subpoena response. The court admitted the exhibit.

State's Exhibit 194 — Text-message material from Charlie Adelson's iCloud return, identified in the same manner as State's Exhibit 193. The court admitted the exhibit.

State's Exhibit 195 — Text-message results from Charlie Adelson's iCloud account, identified as accurate based on the company's search-warrant response. The court admitted the exhibit.

State's Exhibit 196 — A text message from Charlie Adelson's iCloud account, identified as accurate based on review of the account. The court admitted the exhibit.

State's Exhibit 55 through 58 — State's Exhibits 55 through 58 are sampled pages from a Cellebrite phone-extraction report, rather than the entire report. Testimony explained that the extraction process pulls electronic data from a phone without changing the phone's content.

State's Exhibit 61 through 67 — State's Exhibits 61 through 67 were text-message threads between different individuals taken from Charlie Adelson's iCloud search-warrant response. The witness identified their dates and times as accurate to the Apple-provided response.

State's Exhibit 64–69 — A set of exhibits admitted as amended after communications not involving Magbanua were removed. Hull's testimony described records indicating payments by Charlie Adelson for travel and Mazda repairs associated with Magbanua.

State's Exhibit 70 — Selected contact extracts and associated photographs from the report generated from Wendi Adelson's phone. The court admitted the selected extracts over objection after sustaining an objection to the full Cellebrite report.

State's Exhibit 71 — A selected phone-contact extract for Jibbers from the report generated from Wendi Adelson's phone. The court admitted the selected extract over objection after sustaining an objection to the full Cellebrite report.

State's Exhibit 72 — Sample call logs from the report generated from Wendi Adelson's phone. The court admitted the selected extract over objection after sustaining an objection to the full Cellebrite report.

State's Exhibit 74 — A sample voice-mail log from the report generated from Wendi Adelson's phone. The court admitted the selected extract over objection after sustaining an objection to the full Cellebrite report.

State's Exhibit 76 and 77 — State's Exhibits 76 and 77 were a Facebook subscriber record and photograph. The court admitted those selected exhibits while sustaining an objection to the broader Facebook-account exhibit.

State's Exhibit 91 through 98 — Call-detail records identified as State's Exhibits 91 through 98.

State's Exhibit 91 through 98 — State's Exhibits 91 through 98 are certified call-detail records for Luis Rivera, Sigfredo Garcia, Wendi Adelson, Donna Adelson, Charlie Adelson, Harvey Adelson, Katherine Magbanua, and Dan Markel. The court admitted them during Christopher Corbitt's Day 3 direct testimony.

State's Exhibit 97-104 and 104-A — State's Exhibits 97 through 104 are discs, with Exhibit 104-A a printout from Amex records. The court admitted the records without defense objection during Mary Hull's Day 3 direct testimony.

State's Exhibit II — II was a text from Katherine Magbanua to Mr. Garcia on April 28 at 12:57 p.m. saying, “baby, call me when you can.”

State's Exhibit S (wiretap text) — A message identified in the State’s closing argument as text S, in which Garcia told Magbanua that whatever was occurring between her and her “homey” was their business and told her not to text him.

State's Exhibits 56 and 57 — State's Exhibits 56 and 57 were phone-contact exhibits that included the nickname "Jibbers" and a contact for Dan Markel. Wendi Adelson identified the contacts, and the court admitted the exhibits without objection on Day 2.

Statements from Mr. Adelson's iCloud attributed to Ms. Kawass's client — Proposed statements from Adelson's iCloud attributed to Ms. Kawass's client were offered for use in opening statements. The court sustained the State's objection at that stage, explaining that statements by a client are not automatically admissible when offered by that client and making no ultimate ruling on later admission.

SunPass toll records — A disc containing SunPass toll records and a certificate of authenticity was identified as containing records received through SunPass toll-record requests. The court overruled objections and admitted it as State's Exhibit 127 on Day 2.

surveillance images, cell phone records, and SunPass toll records — Surveillance images, cell phone records, and SunPass toll records were described in the State's opening as part of the effort to trace a light-colored Prius. The State said the records helped investigators identify the vehicle, its renters, and the defendant it alleged hired them.

surveillance images, phone data, and SunPass records — Surveillance images, phone data, and SunPass records were described in the State's opening as part of a lengthy review used to track the Prius. The State said the investigation identified Garcia's number through cell-tower data and then linked it to Rivera through call logs.

surveillance still of the Prius and cell-tower records — A surveillance still of the Prius and cell-tower records were discussed in the defense closing argument. The defense argued that the records did not conclusively place Garcia's phone at the Premier Gym parking lot and challenged the inference drawn from a passenger appearing to wear a white shirt.

surveillance video, phone records, and SunPass records — Surveillance video, phone records, and SunPass records were described in the State's opening as part of investigators' effort to trace the light-colored Prius. The State said the records led investigators to Garcia and Rivera and described their phones' travel from Miami to Tallahassee.

Text EE — During questioning, counsel called the text message EE; Patrick Sanford referred to it as E and said it was sent from Sigfredo Garcia to Katie Magbanua on April 28 at 7:39 p.m.

text message — A text message sent to Donna Adelson's cell phone was discussed during Oscar Jimenez Jr.'s cross-examination. Jimenez said he did not recall its timing or content and disputed the characterization that it added threats.

Text message concerning Juror No. 14 and a podcast report — The text message reported that a person identified as Juror No. 14 had been speaking in a restroom during jury selection, referring to a podcast report. Defense counsel disclosed it to the court and prosecution without requesting a specific action.

Text message from Magbanua to Adelson asking whether Garcia had called — During cross-examination, counsel referred to a displayed text-message correspondence in which Magbanua asked Adelson whether Garcia was calling; Magbanua agreed with that characterization.

Text message from wendi Adelson — A text message attributed to Wendi Adelson was addressed during Robert Adelson's Day 2 direct testimony. The court excluded statements attributed to Wendi Adelson and later gave a truth-use limitation for the text-message account.

text message sent by the undercover to Donna Adelson — An undercover officer sent Donna Adelson a text message in the middle of the night. During a Day 8 jury question, the witness described the message as somewhat threatening but did not have it available and could not recall whether it had previously been discussed.

Text messages — Text messages were used to refresh Patrick Sanford's recollection about whether Katherine Magbanua and the defendant continued seeing each other after an early-July trip.

text messages (Donna-Cunningham) — Text messages between Ann Elizabeth Cunningham and Donna Adelson were shown during cross-examination to refresh Cunningham's recollection about communications during Charlie Adelson's trial.

text messages and bank records — Text messages and bank records were considered together during Christopher Corbitt's Day 9 redirect testimony. Corbitt agreed with counsel's characterization that they appeared to show Katherine Magbanua paying Harvey Adelson for work.

text stating “Outside your house” — The text states, “Outside your house.” During Day 9 rebuttal closing argument, the State argued that it corroborated an account placing Donna Adelson outside Charlie Adelson's house.

Text Z — Text Z was described as a message from Katherine Magbanua to Sigfredo Garcia at about 12:57 p.m., approximately five to seven minutes after the preceding call.

the July 14th, 2014, email — The July 14, 2014 email was recalled as having been sent from Wendi Adelson's Gmail account to Jeffrey Lacasse's Gmail account, rather than through an FSU website.

Three attempted calls to (305)934-6615 — The phone records reflected three attempted calls to (305) 934-6615. The State argued that Magbanua's handset attempted that number on two dates it described as significant.

Three calls within about a 24-hour period — Three calls within about 24 hours were discussed in connection with a car repair. Christopher Corbitt agreed that the timing could be consistent with the car being repaired and could not say whether Garcia knew of a connection between the mechanic and Charlie Adelson.

Wendi Adelson emails — In opening statement, the prosecutor said Wendi Adelson’s emails reflected Donna Adelson’s hostility toward Dan Markel and desire for Wendi and her children to relocate to Miami.

Wendi Adelson July 18, 2014 phone extraction — A forensic extraction of Wendi Adelson's cellphone was conducted on July 18, 2014. Selected information from the extraction, including a calendar entry labeled “fix TV,” was later incorporated into Christopher Corbitt's summary.

Wendi email to Lacasse after the July 14, 2014 yoga date — An email Wendi Adelson sent Jeffrey Lacasse after their July 14, 2014 yoga date was published as State's Exhibit 64-GG during Lacasse's direct examination.

Wiretap exhibit (admitted) — Counsel identified what he believed was Ms. Magbanua's Defense Exhibit 12 as material from Charlie Adelson's Cellebrite/iCloud. Sanford agreed that a message between Katherine Magbanua and Charlie Adelson occurred on April 24, 2014, and confirmed seeing the question about whether Tuto called Adelson's phone.

ZRT report — A download of Sigfredo Garcia's phone discussed during cross-examination of Marcia Rodriguez. The discussion addressed foundation and authenticity for material described as communications with Luis Rivera.

Documentary Evidence (8)

Wendi Adelson's police statement (July 18, 2014) — Wendi Adelson’s July 18, 2014 law-enforcement interview was referenced during her testimony, including her statement, “I knew this would happen.”

Bank records and ATM surveillance photographs placing Garcia and Rivera at a Miami ATM on the evening of July 18 after returning from Tallahassee — Bank records showed an ATM withdrawal from Rivera’s account, while Corbitt testified that Rivera’s and Garcia’s handset activity was consistent with the ATM area at that time and that investigators retained images from the ATM.

Charlie Adelson iCloud account — messages read aloud by Corbitt showing July 14 dinner location exchange with Magbanua and July 18 evening communications — Corbitt testified that Charlie Adelson’s iCloud account contained a July 14 exchange with Magbanua about eating in Midtown and July 18 messages about work and possibly spending time at his house.

Email communications between Dan Markel and Tim Kelly, November 2011 — Tim Kelly reviewed email communications concerning Dan Markel’s contact about seeing homes and confirmed they were from November 2011.

GPS data from murder Prius — placed vehicle near Magbanua's residence at 10:25 p.m. on July 15, 2014 — The rental Toyota Prius provided a 10:25 p.m. GPS coordinate that Corbitt said was consistent with the area of Magbanua's residence.

Hybrid Save Gas rental agreement — green Toyota Prius rented by Rivera on July 15, 2014 at 6:15 p.m., bearing Garcia's phone number under 'brother in' — A recovered Hybrid/Save Gas rental contract identified Luis Rivera as the renter, listed Sigfredo Garcia's phone number with the notation 'brother,' identified the Toyota Prius, and showed the vehicle out at 6:15 p.m.

Text messages and emails between Jeffrey Lacasse and Wendi Adelson (June-July 2014) — Lacasse testified that he received texts and long emails during the relationship and later reviewed his text messages and emails before speaking with police again.

Text messages referencing How to Train Your Dragon 2 — Jeffrey Lacasse testified that he had text messages discussing having seen a rented movie by June 18.

Documents & Records (401)

State's Exhibit 60 — A compilation of divorce filings organized by tab, with supporting documentation behind each filing that was offered to show Donna Adelson's awareness of particular pleadings. Testimony described emails and planner materials used to validate that information had been provided to her; the exhibit was admitted except for tab JJ pending additional foundation.

State's Exhibit 122 — State's Exhibit 122 is a traffic citation issued to Garcia, offered with certified court-record documentation. The court found a discovery violation but denied the defense request to exclude the citation, then admitted it on Day 6 and allowed recross on the issue.

State's 56 — Wendi Adelson and Dan Markel's divorce file was identified as a fair and accurate copy from the Leon County Clerk's Office. Testimony used portions of the file concerning custody arrangements, a filing about the marriage, and May 2, 2014 filing times for a notice of hearing and motion to compel.

State's Exhibit 62 — A photographed pink-notebook script that Drina Bernhardt identified as having been prepared for her by Donna Adelson about Katherine Magbanua. A handwriting examiner used it as the questioned writing sample and gave an identification opinion linking it to purported Donna Adelson writing in State's Exhibit 59.

State's Exhibit 64 — A composite of emails obtained through a search warrant for Wendi Adelson's Google account, including emails associated with Donna Adelson and messages concerning custody restrictions, relocation, and proposed financial alternatives. Testimony also examined signatures and sender information associated with the shared Donna-and-Harvey email address.

Employment records — In opening statements, the State said law enforcement reviewed suspects’ employment records. The court later listed employment records among the evidence supporting its denial of Magbanua’s motion for judgment of acquittal.

Government Exhibit 81 — A traffic citation bearing the name Luis Manuel Rivera. During cross-examination, a witness compared its license plate with the plate on a rental agreement and agreed they matched; a Florida Highway Patrol trooper was also questioned while the citation was displayed.

Ruth Markel email referencing foster care agency contact — Wendi Adelson testified that Ruth Markel had contacted a foster-care agency. In response to counsel's description, she confirmed that the reference concerned an email from Dan's mother asking Georgia Cappleman to contact an agency if arrests left the children temporarily without a guardian; Adelson did not remember the email's exact timing relative to Katherine Magbanua's arrest.

State's 65 — A traffic citation Luis Rivera identified as the ticket he received on the first Tallahassee trip. Cross-examination addressed the citation after Rivera had said he did not drive the car on that trip, while other testimony noted that the citation did not identify passengers or whether he was alone.

State's Exhibit 59 — A copy of Wendi Adelson and Dan Markel's divorce file, described during testimony as hundreds of pages long. Testimony and argument discussed divorce, custody, relocation, and later parenting-related filings reflected in the file.

State's Exhibit 82 — The Hybrid Auto Rental Center agreement documents a Toyota Prius rental naming Luis Rivera as the renting customer. The agreement was described as corresponding with a transponder number from a toll-path search; testimony also addressed its blank additional-driver section.

2016 police interview report of Yindra Velazquez Mascaro — Mascaro testified that officers did not record her 2016 interview and created a report she neither reviewed nor signed. She said the report stated that Charlie paid for a breast augmentation even though she had told detectives she did not know who paid.

Adelson Institute checks — Adelson Institute checks to Katherine Magbanua were generally issued twice monthly, had taxes withheld, and totaled about $1,000 per month. A forensic witness agreed that the checks appeared sequential and could have been given together.

Bank records — Bank records reviewed by investigators included records used with cell-phone records and Tennessee video to place Lacasse outside the state. In separate testimony, a forensic reviewer said the bank records she reviewed showed no payment for a Lexus, while limiting that conclusion to those records.

Brannon's report — Brannon's report documented his vehicle observation. On cross-examination, Brannon agreed the report did not identify the occupant as a woman and said he could not conclusively identify the occupant; he also could not say when a supervisor reviewed the report.

Defendant's planner (2023) — Witness testimony identified a 2023 yearly planner seized during the residence search and confirmed entries to sell specified belongings and a note about child support through November 2025.

Defense exhibit (unlabeled) — During a procedural dispute over Apple records, the State said it did not know where the defense exhibit came from and identified its own information as a Cellebrite copy of Katherine Magbanua's iCloud contents.

Deposition of Jessica Rodriguez — Counsel cited several pages of Jessica Rodriguez’s February 15, 2019 deposition during her direct and cross-examinations.

DHSMV vehicle records for suspects — In opening statements in two trials, the State said law enforcement reviewed suspects’ DHSMV records and described motorcycles, cars, and a Lexus among acquisitions made after the homicide.

flyer — The flyer was a paper handed to Donna Adelson during an undercover contact. It included a $5,000 amount and was not retained by the investigative team.

Jennifer Moseley letter (December 2016) — Jason Newlin confirmed that his office received a letter from Jennifer Mosley in December 2016 and said he remembered the letter.

Lacasse's handwritten notes (July–August 2014) — Notes that Jeffrey Lacasse testified he wrote in July and August shortly after the murder and brought to his March 6, 2015 interview.

Lexus title transfer — Government Exhibit 69 was identified as a vehicle title bearing a 2016 transfer date and listing 160,000 miles, although Sanford could not verify the mileage. Defense counsel later said the transfer bore Katherine Magbanua’s and Harvey Adelson’s signatures.

Medical Examiner's report — The medical examiner's report detailed the deceased's injuries and was reviewed with a crime-scene report and sketches after Yao's deposition. Yao used the materials for a comparison involving the injury path and window-hole height, subject to stated assumptions.

Phone records — Phone records included cell-site and call data discussed in the investigation. In opening, the State said the records traced phones associated with Garcia and Rivera on the trips to Tallahassee and showed contacts among Garcia, Magbanua, and Charlie Adelson; another witness said Lacasse's cell-phone records helped place him in another state.

Rivera discovery materials — Rivera testified that he reviewed discovery with his attorneys, including the evidence and reports from the case.

Rivera Sep. 30 Proffer Report — Craig Isom testified that his September 30, 2016 meeting with Luis Rivera was not recorded and that he prepared a detailed, nonverbatim report summarizing what Rivera said.

Rivera Traffic Citation (June 2014) — The June 2014 traffic citation was issued to Luis Rivera during the first Tallahassee trip. Rivera identified State's Exhibit 81 as the ticket he received, and it was admitted into evidence.

Shagran Deposition Aug. 29, 2024 — During cross-examination and redirect examination, counsel referred to Richard Shagran's August 29, 2024 deposition and used a copy of its transcript, including page 11, lines 12 through 17.

State's 68 — State's 68 was described as the Adelson Institute subpoena response, consisting of a list of paychecks. Testimony stated that no other employer-type information was provided and that there was no evidence Magbanua was employed there.

State's 73 — State's 73 was a PDF notebook used as the underlying document for a PowerPoint presentation summarizing carrier records, maps, and selected call patterns. The court explained that only the document, if admitted, could go to the jury, not the demonstrative; it was later admitted subject to defense objections made at sidebar.

State's 85 — State's 85 was identified as a speeding ticket and was used in questioning about whether Rivera drove during the June trip. The court admitted it as a certified business record after the defense stated no objection.

State's Exhibit 129 and 130 — Vietnam visas bearing Harvey Adelson's and Donna Adelson's names were seized during a search and admitted without objection. In closing argument, the defense emphasized that the visas permitted tourism travel and reentry.

State's Exhibit 136 — State's Exhibit 136 was a composite of messages from discovery prepared for use during Magbanua's cross-examination. The court admitted the composite without objection.

State's Exhibit 142 — State's Exhibit 142 was a 2014 planner containing a notes-section entry identifying Dan Markel's 2008 Accord and tag number. During closing argument, defense counsel also discussed a June 13 planner notation concerning a 70th-birthday party.

State's Exhibit 175 — State's Exhibit 175 was a condensed list of calls and highlighted speakers used to have a witness identify voices on selected recordings. Although it was admitted during testimony after the court overruled a relevance and foundation objection, the court later sustained objections to the written summary and prohibited it from going to the jury.

State's Exhibit 60-JJ — Tab JJ contains pages 441 through 456 of a former husband's countermotion concerning parenting issues, contempt, and sanctions, referred to as the Grandma Motion. Testimony described it as seeking to limit or restrict Donna Adelson's contact with the children.

State's Exhibit 75 — State's Exhibit 75 was a 575-page certified divorce file. The court admitted it after overruling objections, while requiring any document-specific objections to be addressed before materials were shown to the jury; a witness said it did not mention Magbanua's involvement in Markel's death.

State's Exhibit 78 — State's Exhibit 78 is a Uniform Florida Pawnbrokers Transaction Form listing Sigfredo Garcia as the person pawning an item. A fingerprint examiner testified that a print on the form matched Garcia's known right thumbprint and that no Magbanua fingerprints appeared on the form.

State's Exhibit 80 — State's Exhibit 80 contains emails between Wendi Adelson and Donna Adelson related to the divorce and relocation dispute. The court allowed the emails over objection with a limiting instruction that they were not offered for the truth of their contents; in closing, the State argued the emails showed family involvement in the divorce.

State's Exhibit 83 — State's Exhibit 83 was the flyer used in the undercover operation and was admitted without a recorded defense objection. Closing argument described it as containing an article about Dan Markel's murder, a phone number, and a $5,000 amount.

transcript — The transcript was prepared from a recording containing difficult-to-hear portions. The court found the recording sufficiently audible to be played, but declined to permit the self-prepared transcript because it was not authenticated under the procedure the court applied.

19-page probable-cause affidavit — A 19-page probable-cause affidavit prepared by the Tallahassee Police Department was released to the media. Magbanua testified that it outlined her alleged involvement in Dan Markel's homicide.

2001 Lexus title transfer from Harvey Adelson to Katherine Magbanua — Mary Hull testified that DHSMV records showed a January 23, 2016 transfer of a black four-door 2001 Lexus from Harvey Adelson to Katherine Magbanua, with a listed sale price of $1,700.

2014 and 2023 calendars proposed by the defense under the rule of completeness — The defense proposed portions of 2014 and 2023 calendars under the rule of completeness. On Day 9, the court found the pages were separate writings and denied their admission, while allowing arguments reasonably inferred from the admitted item.

2014 Planner — In closing argument, the prosecutor said Donna Adelson’s 2014 planner contained Dan Markel’s vehicle make, model, and license-plate information.

2014 Planner Excerpt — A one-page excerpt from Donna Adelson's 2014 planner presented with proposed redactions.

2018 law-enforcement interview transcript — The 2018 law-enforcement interview transcript was used to question June Umchinda about statements concerning Charlie Adelson's reactions and sympathy regarding Dan Markel's death. Umchinda characterized at least one earlier assessment as speculation and said she did not know whether he had shown sympathy.

2021 deposition in Katherine's case — Ryan Fitzpatrick reviewed pages 46 and 47 of his 2021 deposition in Katherine's case after saying it had been years and was hard to recall. He said the review refreshed his recollection.

24-Page Public Arrest Affidavit (Charlie Adelson) — Mascaro agreed with counsel’s description of a publicly downloadable 24-page affidavit that stated Katherine Magbanua was involved and presented her as a middle person.

302 Report — A “302” report that Oscar Jimenez Jr. confirmed he prepared in reference to the matter. He confirmed that it contained the undercover phone number and said he believed it also contained the $5,000 amount written on the paper.

332 — Exhibit 332 contained a one-word response sent from the shared Donna Harvey Adelson email address. During Day 2 cross-examination, the witness agreed that the response came from the shared address but could not identify who sent it.

60 — The State identified Exhibit 60 as divorce excerpts that would be addressed separately.

64 — Exhibit 64 was identified as an email exhibit the State intended to introduce through Detective Isom, with tab AA to be addressed separately.

64-AA — Exhibit 64-AA is an email sub-exhibit whose sender was disputed because Donna Adelson and her husband shared the email address. The court directed the State to lay available foundation before seeking admission.

6433 — Exhibit 6433 is an email reviewed with Wendi Adelson on redirect. She agreed that it came from her parents' email address, was signed by Donna, stated there was no chance for an appellate appeal, and was dated June 25, 2013.

64EE — Exhibit 64EE includes an Evite.com invitation whose sender was not displayed. The witness said he did not know who sent it and had no personal knowledge of how such invitations are generated.

64FF — Exhibit 64FF is an email displayed with the sender address Donnaharvey@gmail.com and the name Harvey Adelson shown in the sender field.

64Q — Exhibit 64Q includes a May 3, 2013 email about relocation that was signed "Mom." It was used on redirect to distinguish signatures associated with a shared email address.

65 — The State identified Exhibit 65 as Mr. Rivera's certified ticket.

66 — The State identified Exhibit 66 as Garcia's certified ticket.

67 — The State identified Exhibit 67 as Save Gas records with certification among items it intended to introduce through Detective Isom.

68 — The State identified Exhibit 68 as Adelson Institute records with certification among the items it intended to introduce through Detective Isom.

ABC Liquors receipt — Investigators recovered an ABC Liquors receipt timestamped 12:49 p.m. on July 18, 2014; Corbitt said it provided at least an approximate time she would have been at the store.

Adelson family communications — Linda Bailey testified that she reviewed texts involving Wendi Adelson, Dan Markel, and Donna Adelson, as well as emails between Donna and Wendi and a couple of later emails between Donna and Charlie Adelson.

Adelson Institute business records — Adelson Institute business records reflected that Harvey became manager in July 2016 and became owner again in 2020. The records were discussed during cross-examination of Mary Hull.

Adelson Institute check records — The records consisted of a listing of Adelson Institute checks paid to Katherine Magbanua. Craig Isom said he did not obtain her employment file, job classification, tax documentation, or a description of her duties.

Adelson Institute employment records (previously admitted exhibit) — Patrick Sanford testified that he reviewed Adelson Institute employment records contained in an exhibit already in evidence. He said the exhibit did not clarify what Katherine Magbanua did for the institute.

Adelson Institute payroll checks — Katherine Magbanua acknowledged during cross-examination that Charlie Adelson handed her Adelson Institute payroll checks.

Adelson Institute QuickBooks employment-record summary — A subpoena for Katherine Magbanua's employment records produced a QuickBooks summary covering September 18, 2014, through March 31, 2016. The production did not include an application, time sheets, tax records, performance evaluations, or a job description.

Adelson Institute records showing Magbanua's January 2015 dental visit with Harvey Adelson — Records were shown to refresh Mary Hull's recollection about which dentist was seen at the Adelson Institute on the January 2015 day discussed; Hull said the records indicated Harvey Adelson.

affidavit — Mascaro testified that officers took notes and prepared an affidavit from her words. She said she reviewed it after it appeared online and that it did not accurately reflect what she had said.

Agent Sanford's handwritten wiretap call-list notes — Patrick Sanford used a lettered call list to refresh his recollection. Defense counsel stated that the list also contained handwritten notes.

alleged informant script — In opening statement, the State said an informant showed law enforcement a question-and-answer script allegedly written by Donna Adelson for the informant to memorize and recite as trial testimony.

American Express and Capital One credit-card accounts — Mary Hull testified that her analysis reviewed two credit-card accounts for Donna and/or Harvey Adelson: American Express and Capital One.

Apple record concerning the 934 phone number — The Apple record was described as showing that Luis Rivera also had a phone number ending in 934, associated with the same email as a number ending in 935. During Day 3 procedural discussion, the defense sought production and raised a disclosure concern.

Arrest warrant for Katherine Magbanua — Sherrie Bennett testified that she presented Katherine Magbanua’s arrest warrant to a judge, believed it was signed after hours, and emailed it to Investigator Craig Isom after it was signed that night.

articles of incorporation — The articles of incorporation listed Harvey and Charlie as managers in 2015, and listed Harvey as manager in July 2016 while Charlie was shown as registered agent.

autopsy report — The autopsy report addressed the trajectory through the body. Anthony Clark testified that he finalized it on August 25, 2014, and that it would then be mailed to law enforcement within about seven to ten days.

B4 — The B4 email displayed "Donna Harvey Adelson" as its sender. The witness said he did not know who sent it.

bank and employment records — Bank and employment records were identified during the judgment-of-acquittal ruling as part of the evidence considered with intercepted calls, a restaurant meeting, and witness testimony about payments.

Bank records (August 2014 deposit) — During cross-examination, counsel asked about a $13,000 cash deposit in August 2014. Magbanua conditioned her answer on what her records showed and said the money could have included savings or money from Sigfredo Garcia.

Bank records concerning a possible payment for the Lexus — Bank records were discussed for whether they showed a Lexus payment from Katherine Magbanua to an Adelson family member. Mary Hull said they did not indicate such a payment.

bank, employment, and vehicle records — Bank, employment, and vehicle records were described in the State's opening as anticipated investigation evidence. The State said its review showed post-homicide purchases, cash deposits, and payroll checks involving several suspects.

Budget Inn hotel registration — Law enforcement gathered an actual hotel-room registration from the Budget Inn.

Budget Inn registration card — The Budget Inn registration card listed a Miami Beach address. Sergeant Corbitt agreed that address was inconsistent with the North Miami residence label shown on a map.

bump flyer — The agent identified a copy of the flyer provided to Mrs. Adelson and testified that the original paper was prepared at the last second but not photographed.

Calendar pages not admitted into evidence — Calendar pages that had not been admitted were proposed for display as demonstratives during closing. The court permitted use of admitted calendar pages and the physical books as demonstratives, but did not allow unadmitted pages to be presented to the jury.

cash-deposit spreadsheets — Cash-deposit spreadsheets covered Katherine Magbanua's deposits for 2013 through 2016. Mary Hull said the spreadsheets were included with the materials reviewed alongside the PowerPoint.

Charlie Adelson CDR (three files) — Kelsey Guay described combining three files of Charlie Adelson’s call records to cover May 2 through July 20, 2014, removing overlapping dates and converting the UTC file so all times could be reviewed in Eastern Time.

Charlie-Donna text messages — July 18 messages included “Outside your house?” and a later response of “Ten minutes,” although the first message alone did not establish Donna's location. July 21 messages included “I feel so bad for them” and a statement that the family needed to be strong and supportive.

checks — Checks were discussed in the State's rebuttal closing alongside competing explanations for payments. The argument referred to checks written as part of the disputed payment account.

Checks issued to Katherine Magbanua — Checks issued to Katherine Magbanua began about two months after the murder date and appeared in sequential-number batches for two-week periods. The testimony described them as totaling about $1,000 per month.

Checks to Katherine Magbanua — Checks to Katherine Magbanua were discussed in the State's closing argument as payments signed by Donna Adelson. The State argued that the September 2014 check was murder money.

Club Fate bounced checks — Magbanua confirmed that Fate issued checks that bounced and explained that the checks represented percentages of credit-card tips.

Coastal Masonry records — Mary Hull agreed that Garcia received two Coastal Masonry paychecks in 2014 and testified that the company's records had been subpoenaed.

Comfort Rent-a-Car rental agreement, June 3, 2014 (Hyundai Sonata; Rivera's name absent) — A June 3, 2014 Comfort Rent-a-Car agreement concerns a Hyundai Sonata and does not list Luis Rivera's name. During closing argument, defense counsel noted that its time-in field was blank.

complete 2014 calendar and selected 2023 calendar pages — The proposed materials included the complete 2014 calendar and selected 2023 calendar pages. The defense sought their admission for context, while the State raised hearsay and relevance objections; the court reserved ruling pending further research and foundation questions.

credit card records — Credit card records were mentioned with bank records, a K-Mart receipt, and surveillance video in the investigation of Jeffrey Lacasse's whereabouts. Lacasse agreed that investigators obtained those records and evidence before clearing him.

crime scene report — The crime scene report was reviewed with crime-scene sketches and the medical examiner's report after Robert Shawn Yao's deposition. Yao said he compared information in the crime scene report with the medical examiner's report.

Crime scene sketches created by Forensic Specialist Maltese — Robert Shawn Yao testified that he reviewed sketches JoAnne Maltese created in conjunction with her examination.

Crime-scene sketch (impounded) — Joanne Maltese testified that she completed a sketch containing measurements, that the sketch was impounded as evidence, and that she did not bring it with her that day.

Criminal exhibit sheet sent to the jury May 27, 2022 — The criminal exhibit sheet listed the State's and defense exhibits with short descriptions. On Day 8, it was marked as Court Exhibit A and sent to the jury in response to the jury's request for an inventory list.

Dan Markel and Wendi Adelson marital settlement agreement — The marital settlement agreement listed Charles Schwab accounts in their various forms. Kristin Adamson testified on Day 8 after the court ordered her to answer the subjects being explored following her client's waiver of mediation confidentiality.

Dan Markel's court filings and pleadings — Dan Markel's court filings and pleadings were discussed during cross-examination of a family-law attorney. The witness said the filings gave reasons for nonpayment and included allegations that Wendi Adelson should be disbarred.

Dan Markel's life-insurance policy — Dan Markel's life-insurance policy was discussed as having originally named Wendi Adelson as beneficiary before being changed to name his sister as beneficiary and custodian for his children. The witness said Wendi Adelson could not receive money from the policy without his sister.

Dan Markel's post-settlement motions and pleadings — Dan Markel's post-settlement motions and pleadings were discussed as filings that a witness characterized as not based in law. The witness also agreed they were inflammatory and that public allegations could upset people discussed in them.

Daycare records — In opening argument, defense counsel said records showed that both boys were at a day care center the day before the homicide.

Defendant Magbanua's Exhibit No. 1 — Defendant Magbanua's Exhibit No. 1 is a vehicle title. It was admitted during Craig Isom's cross-examination.

Defendant Magbanua's Exhibit No. 2 — Defendant Magbanua's Exhibit No. 2 is Luis Rivera's hand drawing of a bridge where he believed a firearm had been disposed of. It was admitted during Craig Isom's cross-examination.

Defendant Magbanua's Exhibit No. 7 — Defendant Magbanua's Exhibit No. 7 is a corrected spreadsheet of call records surrounding the June trip. A repeated call entry was identified, crossed out, and the exhibit was then admitted.

Defendant Magbanua's Exhibit No. 8 — Defendant Magbanua's Exhibit No. 8 is a spreadsheet of May 1-2, 2014 call records. A witness testified that it accurately reflected the records, and it was admitted without objection.

Defendant Magbanua's Exhibit No. 9 — Defendant Magbanua's Exhibit No. 9 contains call records for July 16-18, 2014. It was admitted without objection during Christopher Corbitt's cross-examination.

Defense 11 — Color-coded call-detail records depict communications between selected phone numbers. During cross-examination, testimony distinguished those selected contacts from other communications occurring between them.

Defense 12 — Color-coded Sprint call-detail records were admitted without objection during cross-examination. The records were identified as being in substantially the same condition as previously reviewed.

Defense 13 — Color-coded Sprint records cover May 1 and 2, 2014, a period described in testimony as not significant. The court admitted the exhibit without objection.

Defense 14 — Defense Exhibit 14 is a color-coded Sprint call-detail-record document. It was admitted without objection during cross-examination.

Defense 15 — Defense Exhibit 15 is a color-coded Sprint call-detail-record document. It was admitted without objection during cross-examination.

Defense 16 — Defense Exhibit 16 is identified as a one-page call-detail-record exhibit concerning Luis Rivera's handset location events on the morning of July 19, 2014. It was admitted without objection.

Defense 23 — Defense Exhibit 23 was admitted as a Budget Inn registration card for the murder trip. Testimony confirmed that it identified Luis Rivera, gave a Normandy Isle address, and listed two people; Sanford said he had seen the card after it was collected but had not collected it himself.

Defense 25 — Defense Exhibit 25 was a Club Fate check dated June 8, 2015 and made out to Ms. Magbanua. Sanford did not know what its tips notation represented and said he had been told the check bounced.

Defense 27 — Defense Exhibit 27 contained pages from Charles Adelson’s AT&T call-detail records for April 19, 2016. Sanford believed they showed calls involving Charles and Donna Adelson and Katherine Magbanua, but said he had not examined the specific calls.

Defense 51 — 2023 calendar excerpts marked as Defense 51 consisted of additional pages from Donna Adelson's planner. During Day 8 procedural discussion, the defense sought to offer them under the rule of completeness alongside calendar material already introduced.

Defense 60 — Defense Exhibit 60 is Donna Adelson's Vietnam visa, discussed during cross-examination concerning Vietnam travel and the timing of the arrest warrant.

Defense 76 — Defense 76 consists of 2014 day-planner excerpts concerning birthday-party planning, offered under the rule of completeness. The court reserved ruling on the request.

Defense Exhibit 1 — An email document was shown to Wendi Adelson, who recognized the email addresses and said it appeared to be an email she could have received from her mother. The court admitted it after sidebar arguments concerning hearsay and relevance.

Defense Exhibit 10 — A call-record spreadsheet for Saturday morning, July 19, showed that Luis Rivera called Katherine Magbanua and that their handsets had not communicated before that call.

Defense Exhibit 13 — A portion of Bank of America records was admitted as Defense Exhibit 13. The witness stated that it showed a payment of $1,700.

Defense Exhibit 14 — Defense Exhibit 14 was admitted as a portion of a larger State exhibit during cross-examination about cash income and deposits. The supplied testimony does not further identify the document.

Defense Exhibit 16 — A September 17, 2014 text message from Katherine Magbanua to Charles Adelson asks whether her full name had been given so she could be put on a schedule. The message was discussed alongside other texts about availability and beginning work.

Defense Exhibit 1B — In testimony about Defendant's Exhibit 1B, counsel read a passage describing Wendi Adelson's uncertainty about loving Mr. Markel when they married, and she acknowledged making that statement in 2013.

Defense Exhibit 1E — Counsel described a defense exhibit as an April 28, 2013 communication addressed to Renee; Wendi Adelson said it appeared she had dated it and confirmed that it was to Renee.

Defense Exhibit 1G — Defense Exhibit 1G was described as a June 4, 2013 communication mentioning Renee and considering alternatives shortly before the relocation hearing.

Defense Exhibit 2 — Defense Exhibit 2 was the subject of a hearsay objection during Wendi Adelson's Day 1 cross-examination. The court said the issue would be addressed outside the jury's presence.

Defense Exhibit 20 — Defense Exhibit 20 is identified as a Bank of America account statement for Katherine Magbanua. The court admitted it and permitted the defense to publish it.

Defense Exhibit 25 — Defense Exhibit 25 is Apple subscriber information relating to a phone purchase or possibly the setup of an iCloud account, with customer-provided subscriber information. The court said the listed number could have several explanations and limited how the exhibit could be characterized.

Defense Exhibit 32 — A wedding-shower invitation was identified by Wendi Adelson as an invitation for a friend's stock-the-bar party. The court sustained a hearsay objection to its admission and permitted testimony about her memory instead.

Defense Exhibit 33 — Defense Exhibit 33 was discussed during Katherine Magbanua's direct testimony. The supplied material does not describe its contents.

Defense Exhibit 36 — Defense Exhibit 36 was displayed during Katherine Magbanua's direct examination to refresh her recollection about taking Ethan to a pool.

Defense Exhibit 49B — Defense Exhibit 49B was identified as a communication in which Wendi Adelson told her mother that, because she was expected to testify, she could not sit in on the relocation hearing; Wendi added that her father could be there.

Defense Exhibit 49J — In testimony about an item the reporter renders as Defense 493, Wendi Adelson confirmed that her father sent her an email about his TV-repair appointment and read an order-creation date of July 11, 2014.

Defense Exhibit 51 and 52 — Defense Exhibits 51 and 52 were admitted during Charlie Adelson's Day 6 direct testimony after the State stated no objection.

Defense Exhibit 56 and 57 — Defense Exhibits 56 and 57 were admitted without objection during Charlie Adelson's Day 6 direct testimony.

Defense Exhibit 6 — Defense Exhibit 6 was admitted during Wendi Adelson's Day 2 cross-examination after the court considered a hearsay objection and the stated grounds of state of mind and rehabilitation.

Defense Exhibit 7 — A call-record spreadsheet includes June 4 and June 5 entries. Testimony explained that certain multiple entries could reflect routing or voicemail associated with one call rather than separate calls, and that time-zone adjustments were needed for some records.

Defense Exhibit 7–10 — Defense Exhibits 7, 8, 9, and 10 were Magbanua Sprint records. Voice-call times reflected Eastern Time, while text-message times were in Central Time and required adding one hour.

Defense Exhibit 8 — A call-record spreadsheet contains Sprint voice-call and text-message records. Testimony explained that the text-message times were in Central Time and required an added hour for local comparison.

Defense Exhibit 9 — A call-record spreadsheet shows two outbound calls from Katherine Magbanua's handset to Sigfredo Garcia's number at 1:51 p.m. and 1:52 p.m. Testimony also described regular communication reflected in the records.

Defense Exhibit No. 3 — Defense Exhibit No. 3 was discussed during Luis Rivera's cross-examination on Day 4.

Defense text message exhibits (multiple sets) — Seven sets of previously discussed text messages that the defense sought to introduce, stating they were not offered for their truth.

Deposition (pages 30–31, 32, 34) — During cross-examination, Rivera confirmed that he had given a deposition in the case with Sigfredo Garcia's attorney. Counsel identified the material being used as a certified copy and cited pages 30–31, 32, and 34.

Deposition pp.169-170 — During Patrick Sanford’s cross-examination, counsel used pages 169–170 of Sanford’s first 2019 deposition to revisit his prior statement about DOJ recording policy; Sanford testified that his earlier statement was mistaken.

Detective Isom's September 30, 2016 interview notes — Notes from a September 30, 2016 meeting with Detectives Isom and Sanford reflected an account that money expected to total $35,000 instead totaled $37,000 after it was counted. On Day 4, counsel used the notes to question Rivera about the difference between that account and his testimony that he did not count the money.

Divorce and custody pleadings — In the State's opening statement, the prosecutor described divorce and custody pleadings, including a motion asking the court to bar Donna Adelson from unsupervised contact with the children; she said the motion was not ruled upon before Markel was murdered.

Divorce file — The divorce file was already in evidence when testimony addressed Dan Markel's April 24, 2014 request for financial and property-related documents from Wendi Adelson. The State used the filings to place May communications in contemporaneous divorce-case context.

DMV title transfer (State) — During questioning about the Lexus, counsel asked Magbanua about a title transfer and whether the amount reflected on the DMV registration accurately represented what she paid; counsel then stated a figure of $1,700.

documents provided for Bailey's review — Documents supplied for Linda Bailey's review formed the basis for her opinion on whether the custody litigation was highly contentious. She said her review led her to conclude that it was not highly contentious.

Dolce transcript filed May 27, 2022 — The Dolce transcript was placed in the court file as a Court exhibit. The court directed that it not be sent to the jury based on prior rulings.

Donna 'erase this text' text — Christopher Corbitt agreed that the March 4 messages included a request to delete a message after reading, a planned private call from Gainesville, and a follow-up reference to “dad's birthday gift.”

Donna Adelson CDR (defense exhibit) — During further examination, counsel asked for Mrs. Adelson’s phone records from the night of July 18, 2014. Asked how many calls appeared between 8:30 p.m. and 1:00 a.m., the witness answered three.

Donna Adelson emails — Linda Bailey testified that she saw a flurry of Donna Adelson emails after the relocation ruling and did not recall seeing later relocation-related emails after July 2013.

Donna Adelson emails — In the State's opening statement, the prosecutor described emails between Wendi and Donna Adelson during the litigation and said Donna referred to Markel as a religious zealot and a bastard and proposed threats, bullying, bribery, and religious conversion as leverage.

Downing September 2018 deposition — Stephen Downing confirmed taking a deposition in September 2018 and recalled a cited page-seven exchange about an electronic citation marked “no passengers.”

e-mails, legal pleadings from the case — Emails and legal pleadings were among documents shown to Wendi Adelson to refresh her memory about events she said she did not recall more than five years after Dan Markel's death.

Eddie Varnes report of August 30, 2024 Patricia Byrd jail interview — During cross-examination, Eddie Varnes confirmed interviewing Patricia Byrd on August 30, 2024, said the interview was not recorded, and referred to his report while recounting what she told him. He also testified that he emailed counsel a summary within an hour of leaving the jail.

email — An email from the Markels to Wendi Adelson's office addressed arrangements for the children's care in the event of a mass arrest. On redirect, Adelson agreed that its concern was making sure the children were under good care.

emails 64T and 641 — Emails identified as 64T and 641 included statements about young children not remembering life before age five or six and a child's sadness about his father. During rebuttal closing on Day 9, the State discussed those messages in connection with Dan Markel's children.

emails concerning relocation — Emails concerning relocation included an exchange described by the State in which Wendi Adelson was ready to give up on relocation and Donna Adelson opposed giving up. The State discussed them during rebuttal closing on Day 9.

Emails filed May 27, 2022 — Emails were marked as Court exhibits for the file on Day 8. The court directed that they not be sent to the jury.

Emails reviewed during the investigation — Emails reviewed during the investigation were discussed with Patrick Sanford on cross-examination. Sanford said he reviewed some, but not all, of the emails, while the investigative team reviewed the broader set.

Emails, planner entries, phone evidence, and checks discussed by the State as evidence of motive and participation — The collection included emails, planner entries, phone evidence, and checks. During a Day 7 judgment-of-acquittal argument, the State cited emails about motive, a planner entry, phone evidence, and checks to Katherine Magbanua as part of its evidentiary position.

envelope and paper containing alleged murder instructions — An envelope and paper were described in closing argument as material Katherine Magbanua delivered to Sigfredo Garcia after Charlie Adelson placed it in her diaper bag. The State argued that the paper contained instructions for the murder and that Magbanua was told not to open or touch the envelope.

Exhibit 127 — Exhibit 127 was a call-authentication log pertaining to Katherine Magbanua. It was admitted by stipulation during Oscar Jimenez Jr.'s Day 4 direct testimony.

Exhibit 142 — Exhibit 142 is a calendar page that includes a reference to a party on Friday, June 13. The court denied a request to admit additional calendar pages but allowed arguments reasonably inferred from the admitted item.

Exhibit 179 — Exhibit 179 is a voice list, described as a distilled list identifying recorded calls for voice authentication. The court found that the required timely written notice for the proposed summaries had not been provided.

Exhibit 21 — Exhibit 21 was an ABC receipt removed from Wendi Adelson's car. During Day 1 cross-examination, the witness identified the time shown on it as 12:49 and 13 seconds.

family-law pleadings, motions, notices, and orders — Family-law pleadings, motions, notices, and orders from the Adelson-Markel divorce were Linda Bailey's primary review materials. In a Day 8 proffer, she described using them to evaluate whether the litigation was exceptionally contentious or unusual.

FBI 302 reports — Defense counsel described reports concerning cell-phone activity, identifying entry dates of June 20, 2016 and February 8, 2016 and associating them with May and June 2014 and July 2014.

Federal Racketeering Indictment — In opening statement, defense counsel said Luis Rivera was serving a federal racketeering sentence and that the indictment showed a network of Latin Kings throughout Florida.

FHP protocol documents — Two FHP protocol documents were disclosed to the defense on the morning of a Day 6 procedural discussion. Garcia's counsel moved to exclude them, and the court deferred a ruling while stating that a Richardson hearing would occur at the appropriate time.

financial records — Craig Isom agreed that, in the month Dan Markel died, Katherine Magbanua deposited significantly more cash than in the surrounding months examined.

Financial records and cash-deposit evidence — Financial records and cash-deposit evidence included Magbanua's deposits, Adelson Institute checks, and other financial benefits discussed by the State on Day 10. The State argued that the timing and amount of the deposits were not explained by the nightclub-income account presented by the defense.

flier — A flier was handed to Donna Adelson during an undercover bump. Oscar Jimenez testified on Day 6 that neither the original flier nor, to his understanding, an FBI photocopy was available.

Florida traffic citation issued to Mr. Garcia — A Florida traffic citation issued to Garcia was considered with rental agreements, handset activity, and rental-vehicle GPS data in testimony about the June and July trips.

Forensic Specialist Maltese's crime scene report — Robert Shawn Yao testified that he reviewed Forensic Specialist II JoAnne Maltese's report along with materials from her examination.

Forensic Specialist Maltese's crime scene report and sketches — Yao said he reviewed a report generated by FS II Maltese and her sketches, comparing information from the crime scene report with the medical examiner's report.

Garcia Defense Exhibit 3 — A letter Rivera acknowledged sending to Cappleman concerning his confinement. Rivera testified during Day 4 cross-examination that another inmate wrote one letter for him to copy.

Garcia Defense Exhibit 4 — A second letter Rivera acknowledged sending to Cappleman concerning his confinement, with testimony that another inmate wrote one letter for him to copy. The court admitted Garcia Defense Exhibit 4 over hearsay and cumulative objections.

Garcia No. 2 — Garcia No. 2 is identified as a factual proffer and was the subject of an objection during Luis Rivera's cross-examination on Day 3.

Government Exhibit 101 — Government Exhibit 101 concerns a 2000 gold Nissan associated with Sigfredo Garcia. The listed seller was Nicecarsforless.com, and the witness said she had not contacted or subpoenaed that seller to determine the purchase price.

Government Exhibit 102 — Government Exhibit 102 is a vehicle record concerning a motorcycle associated with Sigfredo Garcia. The displayed document listed an August 22, 2014 date and a $500 purchase price.

Government Exhibit 103 — Government Exhibit 103 is a document showing a $600 selling price for a 1984 Monte Carlo. The court overruled a relevance objection while counsel published the document.

Government Exhibit 120 — Government Exhibit 120 was displayed during cross-examination about a paper referred to as the "bump." Bronstein did not confirm seeing Charles Adelson show Katherine Magbanua a paper with printing consistent with the exhibit.

Government Exhibit 128 — AT&T phone records documenting activity for Rivera's number 305-570-8153 were shown during Day 4 cross-examination. Rivera agreed that the records reflected the phone activity AT&T documented and kept.

Government Exhibit 69 — Government Exhibit 69 was discussed during Mary Hull's cross-examination concerning a vehicle connection between Magbanua and Adelson. Hull said she could not determine whether vehicle-related money had been paid.

Government Exhibit 75 — Government Exhibit 75 was discussed during Mary Hull's cross-examination concerning a $4,000 payment. Hull said she could not determine the source of the cash.

Government Exhibit 78 — Government Exhibit 78 is a Uniform Florida Pawnbrokers Transaction Form. Testimony described a fingerprint on the form's lower right-hand corner and a comparison identifying it as Garcia's right thumbprint.

Government Exhibit 82 — The original Prius rental agreement was shown to Detective Grossman during cross-examination. Grossman said he did not believe he had seen the agreement before that day.

Government Exhibit 89A — Government Exhibit 89A was discussed during Waldo Mesa Nunez's Day 4 cross-examination in connection with rental-agreement terms and a license-plate comparison to a traffic citation.

Guay's written manual-review report of Donna Adelson's records — Guay's written manual-review report used Donna Adelson's records to deduplicate call events from May 2 through July 20. On redirect, Guay testified that the review showed 211 unique call events for that period.

handwritten script — The handwritten script was discussed during Drina Bernhardt's cross-examination as material Donna Adelson wrote for the two to review and practice together.

Hull financial demonstratives — During closing argument, defense counsel referred to a deposit bar chart and a Mary Hull diagram of paychecks while disputing how the financial material was presented.

Indictment — Wendi Adelson was given an opportunity to review the indictment after saying she had not previously reviewed it. She identified Katherine D. Magbanua in response to a question about the allegations concerning her brother.

Investigator Isom's 31-page report — Investigator Isom's 31-page report was described in Day 7 direct testimony as a fairly detailed, largely single-spaced narrative report.

Isom deposition — Investigator Craig Isom's deposition, used to address the number of officers present, drawn guns, and his prior account of not visiting certain nightclubs.

Isom's report — Isom's report contained language read aloud in cross-examination stating that Garcia initially described a high-dollar Tallahassee robbery before saying it was a hired murder and asking Rivera to commit the homicide.

Jan. 31, 2018 deposition — Rivera's January 31, 2018 deposition was referenced at page 106 during redirect examination.

January 31, 2018 deposition of Luis Rivera — Luis Rivera confirmed that he gave a deposition with Mr. Zangeneh on January 31, 2018.

Jimenez March 2019 deposition transcript — Oscar Jimenez Jr. confirmed counsel's identification of his March 6, 2019 Skype deposition and that a court reporter recorded it; counsel read from page 9 during cross-examination.

July 2016 investigative report — The July 2016 investigative report was a 31-page report authored in July 2016 and approved on July 27. Cross-examination addressed its timing before Rivera began cooperating and whether it may have been provided in discovery.

June 17, 2016 article — The June 17, 2016 article included a photograph that June Umchinda identified by the Band Aid visible on her arm.

Katherine Magbanua's bank records and cash-deposit analysis — Katherine Magbanua's bank records and cash-deposit analysis concerned her bank records from 2013 through early 2016 and an asserted unusual increase in cash deposits. The defense said it expected evidence of cash-paying jobs, vehicle-title paperwork, and cosmetic-surgery payments as alternative explanations.

Katherine Magbanua's tax filings — Katherine Magbanua's tax filings were reviewed for reported employment and cash-tip income; Mary Hull said they did not indicate bar, restaurant, or club employment or cash tips.

Khan's handwritten interview notes — Khan's handwritten interview notes were pen-and-paper notes she said she made while speaking with Ms. Byrd. Khan testified they could have been produced if requested through discovery.

lab report — The lab report was identified as a report by an FBI lab examiner in discussion of an enhanced recording. Patrick Sanford said he could not recall the examiner's name.

Lexus paperwork — In opening statement, defense counsel said paperwork showed how much Katherine Magbanua paid for a burgundy Lexus.

Life insurance policy — Wendi Adelson testified that she did not know whether a disbursement owed to her was paid through Dan Markel's life insurance policy; she said the policy money was set aside for the children and that she had never seen or controlled it.

Luis Rivera State Attorney cooperation agreement — Rivera agreed with counsel that he had an agreement with the State Attorney’s Office in exchange for his testimony and that his charge was reduced from first-degree murder to second-degree murder.

Luis Rivera traffic citation — Luis Rivera's traffic citation listed his address as 1805 Normandy Drive, Apartment 3. Cross-examination compared that address with the address on a car-rental agreement and with a North Miami residence label on a map.

Magbanua 25 — During questioning concerning Apple records and Rivera phone numbers, defense counsel presented an item premarked Magbanua 25 and moved to admit it.

Magbanua Defense Exhibit 23 and 24 — Magbanua Defense Exhibits 23 and 24 were identified through Patrick Sanford as Chase bank records for Rivera and admitted by the court on Day 8.

Magbanua tax returns — no reported cash income from bottle club work — Craig Isom testified that he saw nothing on Magbanua's tax returns reporting cash income from bottle-club work.

March 22 deposition — Rivera's March 22 deposition was referenced at page 172 during redirect examination.

March 22, 2019 deposition of Luis Rivera — Luis Rivera confirmed that his deposition was taken on March 22, 2019.

Medical records — Defense counsel argued that subpoenaed medical records showed Magbanua paid cash for her breast augmentation.

Medical records — breast implants — In opening argument, defense counsel said medical records showed that Magbanua paid for breast implants herself.

Mr. Garcia's employment and bank records — Mr. Garcia's employment and bank records included materials from Coastal Masonry and bank records from 2014. A jury question addressed whether reported wages were matched with deposits to his bank account.

Ms. Magbanua's 1040s and W-2 records — Ms. Magbanua's 1040s and W-2 records were among the tax and wage materials reviewed in financial-record testimony.

Newlin deposition (pages 39–43, 45) — Defense counsel used pages 39–40 and 43 of Jason Newlin’s deposition while questioning his recollection of whether Luis Rivera mentioned Katherine, and page 45 while questioning the submission of a recovered gun to the lab.

November 29, 2016 Grand Jury Transcript (Rivera) — The court-reporter record of Luis Rivera's November 29, 2016 grand-jury testimony.

October 25th of 2017 deposition transcript — The October 25, 2017 deposition transcript was used after Clariza Lebredo said it would not refresh her recollection. The questioning included a prior answer about who had access to employee records.

official charging document — The official charging document was shown to Charlie Adelson during cross-examination. He read it as alleging that he committed the murder with Katherine Magbanua, Luis Rivera, and Sigfredo Garcia.

one remaining pleading — One remaining pleading was described as still subject to a proffer and foundation discussion outside the jury's presence after another item was withdrawn from an exhibit.

page 187 of the divorce document — Page 187 of the divorce document contains language stating that the wife had been unhappy in the marriage, filed for dissolution in August 2012, and alleged that the husband disparaged her at the law school.

Page 96 of the deposition — Page 96 of the deposition was shown to Yindra Velazquez Mascaro to refresh her recollection during cross-examination. After reviewing it, she recalled that the reported accident was a car accident.

Pages of the two calendars admitted into evidence — Pages from two calendars already admitted into evidence could be used during closing, along with the physical books as demonstratives. The court did not allow unadmitted pages to be presented.

Pat Sanford's June 20th, 2016, report — Pat Sanford's June 20, 2016 report documented an interaction with Erika Johnson. Johnson said she had reviewed the report but did not remember making the statements attributed to her and said the reported exchange did not happen.

Paychex records — Craig Isom confirmed that the government exhibits under discussion were paychecks and agreed that they began on September 18, 2014.

personal notes — Jeffrey Lacasse described personal notes he voluntarily made to organize his thoughts before speaking with Investigator Isom. He said their contents were covered in interviews provided to counsel.

phone and financial records — Phone and financial records were described in rebuttal closing as part of hundreds of thousands of pages of data analyzed in the case. The State urged jurors to consider financial evidence, wiretaps, phone activity, and iCloud messages together rather than in isolation.

Phone records (State/Defense) — Counsel referred to Magbanua's phone records, a prosecution discussion of a number beginning 934, and displayed records that counsel said showed Luis Rivera called first on the morning of July 19. Magbanua said the 934 number could have been Rivera's.

piece of paper with a photo and address — Luis Rivera testified that Sigfredo Garcia had a piece of paper bearing a photo and address during a trip. Rivera said he did not otherwise know the people whom he and Garcia were supposed to kill.

planner — The planner contained notes concerning a vehicle's make, model, and license-plate number, as well as later notes about travel-related preparations and communications. During closing argument, the State cited the planner among the evidence supporting its theory about Donna Adelson's knowledge and planned travel.

prior defense witness list submitted before the September 2024 trial setting — The prior defense witness list identified Patricia Byrd as a defense witness before the September 2024 trial setting. Defense counsel raised the list while questioning Eddie Varnes about his understanding of that fact.

prior deposition transcript — A prior deposition transcript was used during Luis Rivera's cross-examination concerning a prior reference to a third trip. The court allowed that line of impeachment.

Prior testimony transcript (2019) — During cross-examination, Dugan referred Magbanua to a transcript of her October 2019 testimony and questioned her about a prior answer concerning rent collection.

prior-testimony-byrd-hearing — During cross-examination, counsel referred Byrd to what he believed was an April 1 or 2 detention-center interview, page 20, lines 16 through 18, after which she confirmed earlier statements about defense-investigator visits.

Prius rental agreement — The Prius rental agreement listed Luis Rivera's name and the 1805 Normandy Drive address. A witness agreed that the address was consistent with the one on Rivera's driver's license.

Prius rental and hotel records associated with Luis Rivera — The Prius rental and hotel records were discussed in defense closing argument concerning Luis Rivera's travel. Counsel argued that the records showed Rivera rented a room and a Prius.

proffer agreement — Luis Rivera acknowledged signing the proffer agreement but said he did not remember its details or whether it provided protection.

Proffer Transcripts — Cross-examination addressed two State proffer interviews conducted in October and November 2022, with counsel referring to timed and paginated portions of the sessions.

records provided in response to a subpoena — Erika Johnson agreed that the subpoenaed records existed and were provided within 20 days.

rental application and contract — The rental application and contract included handwriting that Daren Schwartz identified as his, including the notation "brother" and a phone number. Schwartz said Rivera entered the business alone as far as he knew and provided information for the paperwork.

rental contract bearing the phone numbers of both Luis Rivera and Sigfredo Garcia — The rental contract bore phone numbers for Luis Rivera and Sigfredo Garcia. During closing argument, the State described it as a lead developed from a SunPass linked to a rented Prius.

Rental contracts — In closing argument, the prosecutor discussed Comfort rental-car records for the first trip and a Hybrid Save Gas Prius rental contract for the second trip.

Rental contracts and Garcia traffic citation — Rental contracts from Comfort Rent-A-Car and Save Gas or Hybrid Rental documented vehicles rented for the June trip, including a Toyota Prius rented at 6:15 p.m. A citation identified Garcia as driving the Comfort rental vehicle on June 2.

Rental document (Elmo display) — A document shown during Rivera's cross-examination concerned his Toyota Prius rental. Rivera agreed that he filled it out and said a rental employee directed him where to enter his name and address.

rental documents — Rental documents were the business records Nunez used to determine facts about the rental because he did not independently recall the customer or visit.

report about the September 30 interview with Luis Rivera — A December 6, 2016 report concerned an interview with Luis Rivera. The investigator agreed the report did not contain the explanations counsel asked about for the unrecorded interview.

reservation list for a motel here in Tallahassee — A Tallahassee motel reservation list was shown during cross-examination of Shoddrick Nobles. Counsel asked whether the room had been reserved for another drug transaction, and Nobles said no.

Rivera Deposition (March 22, 2019) — During redirect, counsel read from Luis Rivera’s March 22, 2019 deposition and questioned him about its passage concerning King Anthony’s height.

Rivera federal indictment — Defense counsel showed Craig Isom a document identified in questioning as Luis Rivera’s federal indictment. Isom said he did not remember reading it or what it said.

Rivera plea agreement — In opening statement, the prosecutor said the State made a deal requiring Rivera to tell the truth in exchange for a second-degree-murder plea and a 19-year sentence concurrent with his federal sentence.

Rivera plea deal — In opening argument, defense counsel discussed a deal with Luis Rivera and characterized it as a plea deal.

Rivera's certified prior conviction records — Materials described by counsel as Rivera's certified prior convictions were used to refresh his recollection about his prior convictions and their number.

Rivera's federal RICO indictment — Garcia absent despite 30-day phone intercept — Defense counsel argued that Rivera's federal RICO case included a month of intercepted communications that did not implicate Garcia and that Garcia was not on the indictment.

Rivera's letters requesting release from confinement — Letters Rivera wrote requesting release from confinement were discussed on redirect. Rivera said he wanted to speak with his family and was tired of being confined.

Rivera's prison letter (November 2016) — closing words 'I helped' — Defense counsel referenced a November 3, 2016 letter to be sent to Ms. Cappleman and quoted its final words as “I helped you.”

Rivera's signed factual proffer in the federal RICO case — During cross-examination, Rivera agreed that the matter being discussed appeared in a factual proffer he signed in his federal case.

Rodeway Inn guest ledger — A ledger from the Roadway Inn provided information about where they may have been staying that evening.

Rodriguez deposition, page 122 — Page 122 of Rodriguez's deposition was used during cross-examination after she said she did not remember a prior conversation. After reviewing it, she agreed Rivera's legal team had asked about a money transaction between Tuto and Katie.

Sanford's three-page report — Page 1 of Sanford's three-page report was shown to Yindra Velazquez Mascaro to refresh her memory about the period when Katherine Magbanua and Charles Adelson dated. Mascaro said all but one portion of the report was accurate.

Schlazer's sworn statement to law enforcement — During cross-examination, Stewart Schlazer confirmed that he gave a sworn statement to law enforcement in the case and said he believed it used the singular phrase “unfamiliar person.”

script — A script attributed to Donna Adelson was discussed in the State's Day 9 closing argument as containing the word “extort” and reflecting Charlie Adelson's account. The State argued that it had been written for Drina Bernhardt to deliver as testimony.

September 1, 2023 judgment and sentence — A September 1, 2023 judgment and sentence was discussed during Drina Bernhardt's Day 6 cross-examination, which included questions about her cooperation, probation violations, and possible sentence if convicted.

September 30, 2016 report — The September 30, 2016 report was the only known record of Investigator Isom's meeting with Luis Rivera. Isom said the meeting was not recorded and he knew of no other reports.

Slide 38 — Slide 38 is a 2012 text-message exchange between Harvey Adelson and Charlie Adelson concerning cash. The court sustained a hearsay objection unless another admissible basis was established.

speeding citation — The speeding citation listed Luis Rivera as receiving a citation on June 4, 2014, at 9:12 a.m. while driving a 2011 Hyundai four-door. Testimony contrasted those details with Rivera's recollection of receiving a Prius ticket on the second trip.

State 128 — A call-authentication log was completed by Oscar Jimenez Jr., who initialed calls bearing his name after authenticating his voice on a call. The court admitted State's Exhibit 128 without objection.

State 64-AA — The court stated that State's Exhibit 64 had been admitted except for sub-exhibit AA at that time.

State 72 — State's Exhibit 72 is the Spireon GPS certification. The court admitted it on Day 6 without objection.

State's 106–111, 111A — State’s Exhibits 106 through 111 included bank records and Charlie Adelson’s American Express records. State’s 111A was identified separately as a printout of one page from the American Express records in State’s 111.

State's 57 — An email exhibit included a passage stating that the children's father had made plane trips and changed patient schedules to spend significant time with them. The court admitted State's Exhibit 57 without defense objection.

State's 58 — The Save Gas rental agreement identified Luis Rivera as the renter of the vehicle and included vehicle information such as its VIN or tag number. The court admitted State's Exhibit 58 without objection.

State's 59A — State's Exhibit 59A contains fair and accurate copies of pages from a seized day planner. The court admitted the copies without objection while the original planner was identified but not offered during that examination.

State's 60 — State's Exhibit 60 was a list of checks issued to Katherine Magbanua and was described as the complete response provided by the Adelson Institute to a subpoena for her employee file. Testimony described the response as lacking materials identifying job duties or work performed.

State's 60 / QuickBooks — State's Exhibit 60 was the Adelson Institute subpoena response concerning Katherine Magbanua's employment. Mary Hull testified that the only material received was a QuickBooks summary whose printout covered September 18, 2014 through March 31, 2016. She testified that not all of the Adelson Institute checks were reflected and that Magbanua received three additional checks after that period.

State's 61 — State's Exhibit 61 was admitted without defense objection during Wendi Adelson's direct examination.

State's 63 — Wendi Adelson authenticated State's Exhibit 63 as emails sent to her from her mother through her parents' shared account, adding that they probably represented both parents' feelings. The court stated that the emails had not been admitted at that point; they were later used to refresh her recollection that relocation was her mother's most important nonnegotiable divorce term.

State's 63 — Luis Rivera met with an investigator to review State's Exhibit 63, concerning calls in the case. He recognized the voices of Katherine Magbanua and Sigfredo Garcia on the recordings, and the court admitted the exhibit without objection.

State's 64 — State's Exhibit 64 is identified as a voice-authentication log for recorded calls. The court admitted it without objection.

State's 64A — State's Exhibit 64A is a March 28, 2011 email exchange between Donna Adelson and Wendi Adelson that discussed Dan Markel and his parents attempting to spend time with the children. The court's handling of the composite email exhibit included a limiting instruction for 64A.

State's 64HH — State’s 64HH was identified as an April 7, 2015 email regarding Wendi moving. The State characterized the move as less secure, the defense disputed that characterization, and the court allowed the State to begin laying foundation.

State's 64II — State's Exhibit 64II is an April 20, 2016 email concerning whether a child was sad after his father's death. The court allowed the State to develop foundation and reserved whether the item could be admitted.

State's 66 — A sheet documents voice identifications made by Luis Rivera after he listened to calls with Investigator Newlin. Rivera testified that he identified the highlighted voices and that the investigator identified the calls being played.

State's 67 — State's Exhibit 67 is a Save Gas rental document related to a vehicle rental in Miami. The court admitted it without objection on Day 1.

State's 68 — State's Exhibit 68 contains the Adelson Institute's available records concerning Katherine Magbanua, consisting of check records rather than ordinary employment documentation. Testimony placed the checks from September 2014 into 2016.

State's 68–77 — State's Exhibits 68 through 77 were admitted without defense objection during Mary Hull's testimony. Hull testified that Magbanua deposited 44 Adelson Institute checks signed by Donna Adelson and that the subpoena response was limited to a QuickBooks summary.

State's 79 — The letter was mailed to the Adelson residence while investigators were using an undercover extortion contact. Testimony placed its mailing on the 23rd, and the court admitted it without objection.

State's 82 — State's Exhibit 82 consists of copies of Adelson Institute checks for Katherine Magbanua from the bank account. Testimony stated that Magbanua deposited 44 Adelson Institute checks signed by Donna Adelson.

State's 83 — State's Exhibit 83 is a paper described as the same or substantially similar to the flyer delivered to Donna Adelson during an undercover street contact. The witness recognized Dan Markel's photograph and handwriting but could not confirm every other detail matched the delivered paper.

State's 84 — State's Exhibit 84 is a letter sent by mail to the Adelson residence. Testimony described it as a subsequent effort to prompt additional recorded communications.

State's 84 — State's Exhibit 84 is the undercover bump letter mailed to the Adelson residence at the Icon. It referenced "Tato" and a claimed demand, and the court admitted it without objection.

State's 85 — State's Exhibit 85 is a chronological summary of selected intercepted calls, text messages, dates, and parties. It was offered as accurately depicting the identifying information for calls in State's Exhibit 99 and was admitted without objection.

State's 86B — A text message from Charlie Adelson to an unknown number says, "On Lincoln with my friends. Come meet us." A witness identified it as the message showing Adelson on Lincoln Road on Halloween.

State's 93–96 — State's Exhibits 93 through 96 were certified business records containing tower-dump data from T-Mobile, AT&T, Verizon, and Sprint for specified locations and time frames. The court admitted the four exhibits without objection.

State's AA.1 — An email dated December 18, 2013 forwards a phone and Skype plan from Dan Markel and asks the recipients to follow it. The court required further foundation before deciding whether the item could be admitted.

State's Exhibit 106 through 111 — State's Exhibits 106 through 111 consisted of bank records and Charlie Adelson American Express records. They were admitted on Day 5 without defense objection.

State's Exhibit 108 — State's Exhibit 108 contains photocopies of all checks Katherine Magbanua received from the Adelson Institute. The witness testified that they were accurate copies, and the court admitted the exhibit.

State's Exhibit 110, 112, 114 — State's Exhibits 110, 112, and 114 were documents the witness said she relied on in her analysis. The court overruled objections and admitted the three exhibits during Day 6 testimony.

State's Exhibit 113 — State's Exhibit 113 summarized Magbanua’s account withdrawals and deposits, including a $1,400 deposit. Hull agreed that the deposit occurred on May 26, 2015, six days after the referenced request for financial assistance, and described it as significant within the broader records.

State's Exhibit 120 — State's Exhibit 120 is a flyer of the type handed to Donna Adelson during an undercover contact. The witness described it as a fair and accurate copy of the flyer, apart from writing later discussed, and the court admitted it.

State's Exhibit 121 — State's Exhibit 121 is a letter sent to the Adelsons' condominium. It was admitted during Patrick Sanford's Day 7 direct testimony.

State's Exhibit 126 — State's Exhibit 126 contained text messages identified as discussing a dinner. The court admitted the exhibit without objection and permitted its publication.

State's Exhibit 129A and B — State's Exhibits 129A and 129B were marked during Christopher Corbitt's Day 4 redirect examination. The court had sustained an objection to a preceding question as speculative, and after a sidebar defense counsel stated no objection to the exhibits.

State's Exhibit 134 — State's Exhibit 134 was identified as Harvey Adelson's cellular-phone records. Testimony described it as a fair and accurate copy with a certificate of authenticity, and the court admitted it.

State's Exhibit 135 — State's Exhibit 135 was identified as Katherine Magbanua's cellular-phone records associated with a specified number. Testimony described the disc as a fair and accurate copy with a certificate of authenticity, and the court admitted it.

State's Exhibit 136 — State's Exhibit 136 is a voice-identification sheet on which Luis Rivera verified that highlighted names corresponded to voices on referenced recorded calls. The exhibit was admitted without objection.

State's Exhibit 141 — A text message from Wendi Adelson to Rob Adelson dated June 28, 2014 was discussed with Jeffrey Lacasse and admitted without objection.

State's Exhibit 144 — State's Exhibit 144 contains Luis Rivera's bank records with a certified business-record certification of authenticity. The court admitted the exhibit without objection during Day 5 testimony.

State's Exhibit 145 — State's Exhibit 145 contains Sigfredo Garcia's bank records obtained by subpoena, with certificates of authenticity from the bank. The court admitted the exhibit during Day 6 testimony.

State's Exhibit 146 — State's Exhibit 146 was a disc containing Ms. Magbanua's Bank of America records. Hull testified that she reviewed the records and that they contained a certificate of authenticity.

State's Exhibit 147 — State's Exhibit 147 was a disc containing Ms. Magbanua's Chase bank records. Hull testified that she reviewed them and that the disc contained a Chase certificate of authenticity.

State's Exhibit 148 — Hull identified State's Exhibit 148 as a disc containing the Adelson Institute's Regions Bank records and testified that the reviewed records had a Regions Bank certificate of authenticity.

State's Exhibit 157 — State's Exhibit 157 is an aerial map of James Geiger's residence. Geiger testified that it was a fair and accurate map, and the court admitted it after objections.

State's Exhibit 175 and 179 — State's Exhibits 175 and 179 were phone-call authentication exhibits. During Day 4 procedural discussion, the court addressed whether they could be used as demonstrative aids after ruling on the written exhibits.

State's Exhibit 179 — State's Exhibit 179 is a sheet used in a prior listening session to identify voices on recorded calls. Rivera recognized the sheet during Day 3 testimony.

State's Exhibit 181 — State's Exhibit 181 is an excerpt of June 2014 calls between Katherine Magbanua and Sigfredo Garcia. During Day 6 redirect, the witness described about 14 communications between the two handsets on June 5.

State's Exhibit 181 and 182 — State's Exhibits 181 and 182 are excerpts from phone records showing calls between Katherine Magbanua and Sigfredo Garcia during the June and July 2014 trips. The court admitted them over a cumulative objection on Day 5.

State's Exhibit 182 — State's Exhibit 182 is an excerpt of July 2014 calls between Katherine Magbanua and Sigfredo Garcia. During Day 6 redirect, it showed two calls from Magbanua's handset to Garcia's handset at 1:51 and 1:52 p.m. on the day before the murder.

State's Exhibit 186 — Katherine Magbanua's 2014 federal income-tax return was identified by Mary Hull as an accurate copy of the filing and admitted on Day 8. Hull's testimony placed reported 2014 wages alongside cash-deposit totals without identifying the deposits' source.

State's Exhibit 188 — Katherine Magbanua's 2015 federal income-tax return was identified as an accurate copy and admitted on Day 8. Hull identified employment reported on Magbanua's tax returns.

State's Exhibit 190 — Katherine Magbanua's 2013 federal income-tax return was identified by Mary Hull and allowed into evidence on Day 8. Hull identified employment reported on Magbanua's tax returns.

State's Exhibit 191 — A portion of the Florida Highway Patrol policy manual was identified as a fair and accurate copy during Stephen Downing's Day 8 cross-examination. The questioning addressed how an electronic citation field could default when no passenger number was entered.

State's Exhibit 192 — The Uniform Traffic Citation Training Manual was identified as material accessible through a Florida Highway Safety and Motor Vehicles website hyperlink during Stephen Downing's Day 8 cross-examination. The questioning concerned an electronic citation field that could default without an entered passenger number.

State's Exhibit 59 — State's Exhibit 59 was inventoried, digitally scanned, and used as purported known writing of Donna Adelson for a handwriting comparison. The examiner gave an identification opinion regarding writing in State's Exhibit 62.

State's Exhibit 6033.2 — State's Exhibit 6033.2 contains an email that predates a March 2014 filing, sets out allegations later included in the motion, and was forwarded to Donna Adelson on December 17, 2013.

State's Exhibit 61 — Artwork and letters from Donna Adelson to Drina Bernhardt, who identified them as items Adelson wrote to her, were admitted without objection.

State's Exhibit 64, 65, 66, 80, and 85-92 — State's Exhibits 64, 65, 66, 80, and 85 through 92 included two Comfort Rental contracts, Spireon GPS information, a Sigfredo Garcia traffic ticket, and call-detail records. They were admitted without defense objection during Day 3 testimony.

State's Exhibit 6433 — State's Exhibit 6433 was admitted by stipulation during Day 4 testimony.

State's Exhibit 64D and 64I — State's Exhibits 64D and 64I are emails concerning prospective romantic interests for Wendi Adelson. The court permitted them over objection while requiring foundation through appropriate witnesses.

State's Exhibit 64FF — A Geek Squad appointment form concerns a broken television and states that an earlier appointment could be accepted if available. In closing argument, defense counsel described the form as showing Harvey Adelson made the appointment.

State's Exhibit 64W — A June 27, 2013 email included a reference to Judge Hobbs. The court permitted redaction of that reference and otherwise allowed the item.

State's Exhibit 67 and 72 — State's Exhibits 67 and 72 included Save Gas rental and GPS records. Day 1 testimony described rental, SunPass, and VIN records associated with a Prius; Exhibit 67 was the rental agreement, while GPS data was admitted separately as Exhibit 72.

State's Exhibit 68, 69, 74-80, 82, 106-111-A — This group consists of listed underlying records reviewed with certifications from their respective businesses or companies. The court admitted the listed exhibits without objection, except State's Exhibit 81.

State's Exhibit 70 and 71 — State's Exhibits 70 and 71 contained Comfort Rent a Car rental agreements, GPS information, and related rental documentation. A Comfort Rent a Car witness identified them as accurate business records, and they were admitted without objection on Day 3.

State's Exhibit 74 through 76 — State's Exhibits 74 through 76 were records from Coastal Masonry, Dr. Roudner, and Broward Dermatology. They were admitted without objection during Day 5 testimony.

State's Exhibit 78 — State's Exhibit 78 is a fair and accurate copy of the flyer Oscar Jimenez Jr. testified he handed to Donna Adelson outside her residence during an undercover contact in the Miami area. The court admitted it on Day 4.

State's Exhibit 79 — An applicant fingerprint form bearing the witness's identifying notations, signature, and the collected individual's fingerprints was identified as Garcia's known fingerprint form and admitted on Day 3. The witness testified that he personally took the fingerprints.

State's Exhibit 82 — State's Exhibit 82 contains copies, front and back, of 44 Adelson Institute checks deposited by Katherine Magbanua. The witness testified that Donna Adelson signed each check, while Charlie, Harvey, and Donna had signing authority.

State's Exhibit 83 — A Budget Inn receipt dated July 16, 2014, was identified by Luis Rivera and admitted on Day 3. Rivera testified that he and Garcia stayed at the same hotel during the second Tallahassee trip.

State's Exhibit 84 — A certified Rodeway Inn record for a room at 2702 North Monroe Street in Tallahassee was identified by Shoddrick Nobles and admitted on Day 4 after the court overruled a hearsay objection. Nobles testified that he registered the room in his own name for the men.

State's Exhibit 85 — A photographic lineup of Luis Rivera bears Shoddrick Nobles's signature and shows that he selected photograph No. 3. It was discussed during Nobles's Day 4 testimony.

State's Exhibit 86 — A photographic lineup of Sigfredo Garcia bears Shoddrick Nobles's signature and shows that he selected photograph No. 2. It was discussed during Nobles's Day 4 testimony.

State's Exhibit 87 — State's Exhibit 87 was identified as an Adelson Institute subpoena response concerning Katie Magbanua's paychecks. Mary Hull said it looked like the entire response and confirmed that it contained an authenticity certificate or declaration; the court admitted it.

State's Exhibit 88 — Hull identified State's Exhibit 88 as a certified title for a black Lexus titled to Katie Magbanua and later testified that the title showed Harvey Adelson as the prior owner.

State's Exhibit 89 — A Comfort Rent-A-Car agreement from June 2014 was discussed during Christopher Corbitt's Day 5 testimony. Corbitt compared rental-vehicle GPS information with Rivera handset travel to Tallahassee.

State's Exhibit 89A and 89B — State's Exhibits 89A and 89B are rental agreements identified by Waldo Mesa Nunez through his handwriting and the company's contract format. The agreements were described as records for two rentals to Sigfredo Garcia, and the court admitted them on Day 4.

State's Exhibit 90 — A Comfort rental agreement was identified as an accurate copy of a company record kept in the normal course of business and admitted on Day 4. The witness recognized the handwriting and contract format.

State's Exhibit 91 — Spireon business records containing rental-vehicle GPS information and a certificate of authenticity were admitted on Day 4. The testimony described GPS trackers that automatically recorded rental-car locations about every 24 hours.

State's Exhibit 92A and 92B — State's Exhibits 92A and 92B are filtered spreadsheet information derived from SunPass toll-booth data. The court admitted the exhibits on Day 4 after Justin Noble Willits identified them as accurate, while he stated that SunPass records did not link a particular transponder to a particular vehicle.

State's Exhibit 93 and 94 — State's Exhibits 93 and 94 are maps summarizing Luis Rivera's handset location information for the June 4 trip to Tallahassee and June 5 return trip to Miami. The court admitted the two maps on Day 5 without objection.

State's Exhibit 93–96 — Four summary exhibits numbered State's Exhibits 93 through 96, consisting of maps related to cell-tower information for the June and July trips.

State's Exhibit 97 — State’s Exhibit 97 was described as a summary of all communications for the morning of Saturday, July 19.

State's Exhibit 98 — Hull identified State's Exhibit 98 as Sigfredo Garcia's Coastal Masonry detailed earnings reports and testified that they contained an authenticity certificate or declaration and were records she relied upon.

State's Exhibit 99 — Hull identified State's Exhibit 99 as Dr. Roudner's records for Ms. Magbanua's augmentation surgery and testified that the exhibit contained a certification of authenticity for the business records.

State's Exhibit Composite 71 — State's Exhibit Composite 71 was a completed record reviewed with the Comfort Rent a Car witness during cross-examination. The questioning addressed the distinction between a vehicle due time and a documented arrival time for a second rental.

State's Exhibits (court filing) — In closing argument, the prosecutor described a March 26, 2014 “grandma motion” concerning parenting issues, contempt, and sanctions. She said the filing alleged that Donna Adelson disparaged Dan Markel to the children, requested restrictions on her unsupervised contact with them, and was never decided before Markel’s death.

State's Exhibits (divorce filings) — During closing argument, the prosecutor discussed Wendi Adelson’s January 2013 motion to relocate with the children and the court’s June 21, 2013 denial of that motion.

State's Exhibits 68–69 and 77–80 — State's Exhibits 68, 69, and 77 through 80 were admitted together. Counsel identified Exhibit 68 as Adelson Institute records and Exhibits 69 and 77 through 80 as DHSMV records.

summary exhibit to be offered subject to the Court's ruling — The parties agreed to offer a planned summary exhibit through Sergeant Corbitt subject to later court rulings. The court approved that procedure.

Sun Sentine7 article — A Sun Sentinel article was displayed from a version that was not in evidence. The State said the version in evidence did not contain the displayed material.

Sun Sentinel article (demonstrative) — During redirect examination, Christopher Corbitt confirmed that the displayed Sun Sentinel article was published July 16, 2016, and discussed Dan Markel’s murder and the arrests of Garcia and Rivera.

SunPass records — Craig Isom testified that the recovered car's tag and vehicle identification number matched information provided through Florida Department of Transportation SunPass records.

taped interview transcript — The transcript of a taped July 24, 2018 interview was used to ask June Umchinda whether its opening indicated the interview was being recorded. She said she thought the interviewer was taking notes.

text message exhibit shown by the defense — A defense text-message exhibit was used on redirect to clarify the sequence described in the messages. Magbanua testified that the messages showed Sigfredo Garcia learned about Charlie Adelson in November.

Text messages — During cross-examination, counsel quoted a text saying that whatever was happening between Magbanua and her “homey” was her business. Magbanua said she believed “homey” referred to Charlie Adelson.

the letter given to Donna Adelson — The document handed to Donna Adelson was not preserved as an exact copy. On Day 5 cross-examination, Jimenez recalled an article and a picture of Mr. Markel but not the document's exact wording.

the note given to Donna Adelson during the bump operation — The completed note from the bump operation included an amount and phone number, but investigators did not photocopy that completed version. They retained a copy of the article instead.

the report — The report contained Brannon's note about seeing one vehicle that matched the description of a vehicle known to be driven by the ex-wife. He did not keep a log of vehicles coming down Trescott and turning around.

the script — The script had been provided before Bernhardt's most recent release and violation. On redirect, she agreed she would have to face accountability connected to it.

TPD report 9/14/2016 — Craig Isom confirmed that a report dated September 14, 2016 preceded Luis Rivera’s cooperation and agreed that page 4 discussed his belief that Katherine Magbanua was involved.

traffic-stop record identifying Luis Rivera as the rental-car driver — The traffic-stop record identified Luis Rivera as the driver of the rental car. In closing argument, defense counsel also noted that the trooper reported no other person in the car.

transcript of an interview — The interview transcript concerned a July 24, 2018 interview in Umchinda's condo lobby. She said she did not know she was being recorded or that her statements were later transcribed, and she had not reviewed the transcript.

transcript of the Dolce Vita recording — The proposed transcript of the Dolce Vita recording was intended to appear with video despite numerous inaudible portions. The defense objected to replacing "inaudible" with ellipses and dashes, while the State sought use as a demonstrative aid.

Transcript of the redacted interview — The redacted interview transcript accompanied a recording identified as Exhibit 157. After the defense said it had not received the transcript for an accuracy review, the court took a brief recess.

Transcript of the restaurant recording — The restaurant-recording transcript was discussed during Magbanua's direct testimony about a meeting after the bump. Her testimony included that Charlie Adelson mentioned his mother being approached and that code was used on wiretaps because someone might be listening.

transcript of your interview — Umchinda reviewed the transcript of her interview after initially saying it would not refresh her recollection. After reviewing it, she acknowledged discussing stapled money with law enforcement.

transcripts of the recorded calls — The recorded-call transcripts were left outside the jury room when jurors began deliberations. Jurors were permitted to take their jury instructions and notepads with them.

transcripts of wiretap calls allowed in and listened to — The transcripts covered wiretap calls that had been allowed and listened to. The court directed that they be made part of the court file as court exhibits.

Trooper Downing's citation — Trooper Downing's citation was described in opening statement as identifying Luis Rivera as alone in the rental car during a traffic stop. Counsel said the citation reflected that no other person was in the car.

two Club Fate checks written in 2015 — Two Club Fate checks written in 2015 were reviewed in testimony. Hull said both checks bounced and distinguished them from cash tip payments.

vehicle-title paperwork transferring a 2001 Lexus from Harvey Adelson to Katherine Magbanua — The paperwork transferred title to a 2001 Lexus from Harvey Adelson to Katherine Magbanua. In Day 1 opening argument, defense counsel described the DMV filing as creating a direct paper trail between Magbanua and the Adelsons.

Verdict Form — The jury’s verdict form was handed to the bailiff, reviewed by the court, and published as finding the defendant guilty on all three counts; the court stated that it was signed and dated by the foreperson.

Verdict Form (Magbanua retrial) — The written verdict form prepared for the jury, listing its choices for each of the three charged counts.

Vietnam Travel Records — In closing argument, the prosecutor said Donna Adelson searched U.S. extradition treaties, booked a one-way itinerary through what the prosecutor called non-extradition countries, and requested an expedited 90-day Vietnam visa.

Wire call transcripts filed May 27, 2022 — Wire call transcripts were marked as Court exhibits for the file on Day 8. The court directed that they not be sent to the jury.

Y2 — The Y2 email states that relocation would not be allowed at that time unless Danny chose to move, in which event Wendi could relocate. It was examined on cross in the context of relocation correspondence.

Z2 — Z2 is a lengthy email sent after the relocation request was denied. Cross-examination addressed its wording and the broader relocation correspondence.

Demonstratives (75)

Defendant's Exhibit 50 — Defendant's Exhibit 50 is a profile sheet showing faces, on which Rivera had made prior markings. Rivera confirmed markings identifying several people and agreed he had said Donna and Harvey Adelson were not involved, as far as he knew; the exhibit was later admitted without objection.

Defense Exhibit 6 — Defense Exhibit 6 was Rivera's drawing offered as his best attempt to help investigators find the murder weapon. The court admitted the drawing without objection during cross-examination.

financial graph (previously published) — Mary Hull confirmed that a 2019 employment timeline included a line graph and a murder line like the current version. In rebuttal closing, the State characterized the repeatedly shown graph as depicting a cash spike around the time of the murder.

PowerPoint presentation — PowerPoint presentations were used as demonstratives during courtroom presentation. On Day 3, the court explained that a slideshow would portray State's Exhibit 73 and would not go back to the jury; on Day 6, a handwriting-comparison witness used a PowerPoint to help explain her testimony.

State's Demonstrative A — State's Demonstrative A was used to show divorce-related pleadings, including a March 26, 2014 filing and a motion discussed during Day 8 testimony. Defense questioning used the filing to distinguish the underlying divorce from later post-divorce pleadings.

State's Exhibit 109 — State's Exhibit 109 is a chronological summary spreadsheet of 44 checks received by Katherine Magbanua from the Adelson Institute. The witness testified that it accurately summarized the records reviewed, and it was admitted without objection.

$3,000 per month payment board — During the defense opening statement, counsel referred to a board displaying “$3,000 a month” and argued that the money was Charlie Adelson’s, not Donna Adelson’s.

73A, slide 20 — Slide 20 of 73A was displayed during Kelsey Guay's cross-examination in connection with testimony that voicemail routing can create multiple rows for one event.

Call arrow charts — Christopher Corbitt confirmed a chart using red and blue arrows and another arrow sheet for July 15 calls that summarized contacts between people rather than each individual call.

cash-deposit diagram — A cash-deposit diagram was used during Katherine Magbanua's Day 9 cross-examination to discuss a $13,000 cash deposit in August 2014 and a rise in cash deposits. Magbanua said the diagram was based on her cash deposits and suggested the funds could have been savings or money from Garcia.

Cell Tower Analysis — In rebuttal closing, the prosecutor described a cell-phone PowerPoint whose dots represented towers servicing phones rather than people's precise locations. She said testimony indicated that Wendi Adelson's 12:30 dot could be consistent with her being at Trescott while acknowledging that it did not establish her location.

combined exhibit of the restaurant video and McElveen's best-effort audio — A combined presentation joined restaurant video with McElveen's final best-effort audio. McElveen testified that the audio matched his work and that its insertion was synchronized with movements in the video.

Court Exhibit A and B — Court Exhibits A and B were printed demonstratives from Sergeant Corbitt's testimony marked solely for the court record. The court directed that they not be sent to the jury.

Court Exhibit C and D — Court Exhibits C and D were cell-site demonstratives presented during Sergeant Corbitt's direct testimony. The court marked them for identification and specified that they would not go to the jury.

Court Exhibits (demonstratives) — The set of demonstratives used by the State or defense during trial and collected as court exhibits.

Defense 10 — Defense Exhibit 10 is a map of the Miami International Airport area. A witness described it as a fair and accurate depiction, and the court admitted it without objection during cross-examination.

Defense 17 — Defense Exhibit 17 is an aerial or satellite map depicting locations reviewed by the witness. The witness described it as a fair and accurate depiction, and it was admitted without objection during cross-examination.

Defense closing PowerPoint filed May 27, 2022 — The defense closing PowerPoint was filed as a Court exhibit after the jury retired. Under prior rulings, it was not to be used by or sent to the jury.

Defense demonstrative — Defense counsel displayed a premarked demonstrative portraying the defense theory that the Adelson family hired Sigfredo Garcia and Luis Rivera without Katherine Magbanua as an intermediary. Craig Isom said he did not agree with the demonstrative and was unsure what counsel was asking.

Defense Demonstrative Exhibit B — Defense Demonstrative Exhibit B was used to review call-record activity from May 2 and similar phone activity on May 7. The witness noted limited review and some inconsistencies, and the court allowed its use subject to separate accuracy issues concerning individual graphs.

Demo B — Demo B was published while Agent Patrick Sanford described a sequence of communications following an undercover encounter with Donna Adelson and testified that the communications did not bypass Charlie Adelson.

Demonstrative — A presentation demonstrative was provided for review during Kelsey Guay's Day 7 direct testimony. After review, the State raised no objection to its use as a demonstrative.

demonstrative aid — A demonstrative aid used during Christopher Corbitt's cross-examination included the defendant's name on its far-right middle portion.

Demonstrative B — Demonstrative B was published during Kristin Adamson's cross-examination as a defense demonstrative.

Demonstrative Exhibit B — Demonstrative Exhibit B was a defense call-pattern chart allowed as a demonstrative rather than admitted evidence.

Esri travel-time estimates for the Adelson route — During redirect, counsel referred to Esri travel-time estimates for portions of the trip. Christopher Corbitt testified that the second portion was close to the estimate and that one segment was within a few minutes of the estimated time.

Exhibit 114 — Exhibit 114 combined restaurant video with best-effort audio. The witness testified that the audio matched and that its placement was synchronous with movements in the video; the court then recessed so he could review the exhibit.

frequency slide (Charlie Adelson) — A frequency slide identified as concerning communications between Charles Adelson and Katherine Magbanua; it was not limited to phone calls, and Corbitt said he had no recordings of the calls represented by that frequency.

frequency slide (Garcia) — A frequency slide using Mr. Garcia's phone records with Ms. Magbanua's number highlighted; its frequency combined possible incoming and outgoing calls and text messages and did not establish that the parties spoke each time.

Government Exhibit 59 — Government Exhibit 59 was identified in the defense closing argument as the State's conspiracy chart. Defense counsel argued that aspects of the State's alleged conspiracy, including motive, did not fit the evidence.

Hull Financial Analysis Exhibit — Page 2 of an exhibit addressed Luis Rivera's finances. Hull agreed his withdrawal behavior changed around the murder and later returned to its earlier pattern, while clarifying that the spike referenced by counsel came from direct deposits.

Jury Instructions — The jury instructions included the reasonable-doubt definition discussed on page 4 during rebuttal closing. The prosecutor told jurors that merely possible, speculative, imaginary, or forced doubt was not reasonable doubt.

Landline frequency slide — The landline chart compared contacts from Charlie Adelson's cell phone with his parents' cell phones and residence landline; calls from other phones or places were not included.

new demonstrative for Sergeant Chris Corbitt — A new visual representation prepared for Sergeant Christopher Corbitt was disclosed to the defense before jury use and was not introduced into evidence.

PowerPoint comparing divorce filings with supporting documentation — A PowerPoint placed divorce-filing pages and excerpts on the left beside documentation said to show that the information was passed along to the defendant. Jason Newlin assisted in creating it to help jurors understand his testimony.

prosecution communication PowerPoint — Linda Bailey testified that she reviewed an officer-created PowerPoint with faces, arrows, and communication timestamps, but found it unhelpful and took nothing from it.

Revised PowerPoint the State intended to offer through Sergeant Corbitt — A revised PowerPoint intended for use through Sergeant Corbitt was provided to the defense for expert review. The court allowed a short review period before the State's case resumed.

revolver demonstrative — During defense counsel's opening statement, an easel display was used while counsel referred to a revolver and described the gun pointed at Markel as similar to the displayed item.

Rivera weapon map — During cross-examination about the unsuccessful weapon search, counsel showed a drawing he attributed to Luis Rivera. Sanford agreed Rivera had described disposal during the return trip and that investigators compared that account with the cell-phone route, but he did not expressly confirm the drawing's authorship in this exchange.

slides 26 and 28 — Slides 26 and 28 were frequency-analysis charts within a larger PowerPoint. Kelsey Guay reviewed them for duplicate, voicemail-related, and overlapping call-record entries.

State demonstrative — A State demonstrative identified as the government’s Demonstrative C used still photographs of people involved in the case. The court later said the picture with faces was a demonstrative and would not go to the jury.

State's 111-A — A demonstrative paired the Dolce recording and audio with a transcript. It was identified as 111A or Demonstrative D and distinguished from Exhibit 111, which did not include the transcript.

State's 124 — State's Exhibit 124 is a wire-call summary prepared to assist jurors in following the calls. It was introduced after testimony describing the call sequence from Donna Adelson to Charlie Adelson and from Charlie Adelson to Katherine Magbanua.

State's 55 — An organizational chart identified phone numbers associated with people whose phone records investigators collected in the case. The parties stipulated to those phone-number associations, and the court admitted State's Exhibit 55.

State's 59 — State's Exhibit 59 listed subjects in the investigation and the phone numbers they used around the time of the homicide.

State's 67 — State's Exhibit 67 is Corbitt's combined summary, prepared in both PDF and PowerPoint formats. The court admitted a flash drive and physical copy without objection before the analysis was presented.

State's 73 — Corbitt's summary assembled records he would discuss in testimony, including excerpts from Cellebrite reports used to visualize forensic information such as location data, text messages, and emails. The court admitted State's Exhibit 73 during his Day 3 direct testimony.

State's 76 — State's Exhibit 76 is a summary of financial records reviewed by Mary Hull. Hull testified that it accurately reflected the records, and it was admitted without objection.

State's 81 — State's Exhibit 81 is an aerial map of Geiger's residence and the scene discussed in his testimony. Geiger described it as fair and accurate, and it was admitted without objection.

State's 87 — State's Exhibit 87 is an aerial map of a neighborhood as it appeared in 2014. A neighbor identified it as a fair and accurate map, and it was admitted without objection.

State's closing PowerPoint and demonstrative slides — The State's proposed closing PowerPoint consisted largely of material already in evidence, with several additional demonstrative slides. The court directed the parties to identify those slides so defense review could proceed more quickly.

State's Demonstrative (slides) — Corbitt used a visual demonstrative aid that included a slide describing Wendi Adelson's travel on July 18, 2014.

State's Demonstrative A — A code-word chart was referenced during Katherine Magbanua's Day 3 direct testimony, when she described using code in calls after Charlie began doing so.

State's Demonstrative B — State's Demonstrative B was a chart depicting names, photographs, and phone numbers associated with identified subjects. The court allowed it to be published as a demonstrative aid during Christopher Corbitt's direct examination.

State's Demonstrative C — State's Demonstrative C was shown to Luis Rivera during redirect examination. Rivera said he had seen the demonstrative before.

State's Demonstrative Exhibit G — State's Demonstrative Exhibit G was published during Jeffrey Lacasse's direct testimony.

State's Exhibit 1 — A photograph showed James Geiger's residence and the nearby Markel residence as they appeared. The court admitted State's Exhibit 1 during Geiger's Day 1 direct testimony.

State's Exhibit 106 — A printed summary of Katherine Magbanua's account activity was prepared from financial data analyzed by Mary Hull. The court received State's Exhibit 106 in evidence subject to its ruling and limited the State to factual questions about deposits.

State's Exhibit 107 — Hull testified that State's Exhibit 107 accurately summarized Katherine Magbanua's employment timeline in chart form based on the bank records reviewed.

State's Exhibit 115–118 — State's Exhibits 115 through 118 summarized cash deposits from 2013 through 2016, including a list of deposits by date and account and a line graph depicting the deposits. The court admitted the exhibits without objection during Mary Hull's Day 6 direct testimony.

State's Exhibit 118 — During redirect, counsel referred to State’s Exhibit 118 as showing a spike in cash income around the time of the homicide; Patrick Sanford testified that the check under discussion could not explain that spike.

State's Exhibit 125 — An aerial map depicting the scene in this case was identified as a fair and accurate map during Bill Brannon's Day 2 direct testimony. After the defense withdrew its objection, the court admitted State's Exhibit 125.

State's Exhibit 187 — State's Exhibit 187 was a simplified summary of three tax filings. The court did not receive it in evidence and instead allowed it to be displayed as a demonstrative aid.

State's Exhibit 189 — State's Exhibit 189 combined cash deposits with tax-filing information to show what the witness described as a more accurate reflection of income. It was displayed during Mary Hull's Day 8 recall testimony.

State's Exhibit 47 — Rivera recognized State's Exhibit 47 and agreed that it was an accurate aerial map depicting where he and Garcia parked while waiting for Markel. He agreed that a yellow dot marked where they waited, and the exhibit was admitted.

State's Exhibit 81A through M — State's Exhibits 81A through M were financial account summaries, charts, and an employment timeline based on bank and employment records. They included charts combining employment information with cash deposits and the date of the murder, and were admitted without objection.

State's Exhibit 86A through D — State's Exhibits 86A through D were Google Maps and images identified as depictions of Hollywood Live's location and front exterior. The court admitted them after addressing a defense concern about the date and accuracy of one photograph.

State's Exhibit 87 — A map depicted Brannon's stationing on Trescott Drive and the Markel residence. After Brannon testified that it fairly depicted those locations, the court admitted State's Exhibit 87 without objection.

State's Exhibit 93 — State's Exhibit 93 was identified as a map accurately summarizing location information for Luis Rivera's handset traveling from Miami to Tallahassee on June 4, 2014, and was admitted with Exhibit 94.

State's Exhibit 94 — State's Exhibit 94 was identified as a map accurately reflecting location information for Luis Rivera's handset traveling from Tallahassee to Miami on June 5, 2014, and was admitted with Exhibit 93.

State's Exhibit 95 — State's Exhibit 95 was a map that accurately summarized the handsets’ movement from Miami to Tallahassee in July 2014.

State's Exhibit 95 and 96 — State's Exhibits 95 and 96 were maps summarizing two handsets' movement from Miami to Tallahassee and their communications on the return trip. The court admitted both exhibits without objection.

State's Exhibit 96 — State's Exhibit 96 was a map that accurately summarized communications for the two handsets going from Tallahassee back to Miami in July 2014.

tower map (displayed) — A map shown during Christopher Corbitt's redirect depicted 2014 T-Mobile towers around Premier Gym and was used to discuss nearby cell sites.

TPD diagram — A Tallahassee Police Department investigation diagram was used as a demonstrative and displayed photographs of Wendi, Donna, Charlie, and Harvey Adelson; Daniel Markel; Sigfredo Garcia; Katherine Magbanua; and Luis Rivera.

Testimony References (33)

Adamson prior testimony — Linda Bailey said she read Kristin Adamson’s prior testimony from another trial, which she thought was Charlie Adelson’s trial, while preparing her own testimony.

Murder payment delivery — Luis Rivera agreed during testimony that he was paid the day after the murder and that Katherine Magbanua dropped off stapled money.

anticipated Lacasse testimony about a reference to a celebration dinner — The anticipated testimony concerned whether a dinner had been referred to as a celebration dinner. The court excluded that proposed impeachment subject for the time being, while permitting a proffer outside the jury's presence.

August 8, 2016 attorney-relayed information about firearm disposal location (Rivera) — Jason Newlin testified that on August 8, 2016, defense attorneys relayed information between separate rooms, including information about a gun and a location described as two bridges, a body of water, and Interstate 10. He said investigators received it directly from the attorneys, not from Luis Rivera.

bullet-path testimony attributed to Inspector Yao — Inspector Yao's attributed bullet-path testimony was discussed in closing argument, where defense counsel challenged a later-developed opinion about the shooter's height. Counsel contrasted that opinion with testimony concerning a 49-inch point of entry.

Byrd jailhouse informant testimony — During argument, the State said Patricia Byrd testified that Donna Adelson told her she had done what she was accused of, distinguishing that alleged statement from merely admitting she wrote checks.

Coconspirator statements admitted by the State — The State requested an on-record finding supporting admission of coconspirator statements. The court found a sufficient nexus after considering the impeachment and coconspirator-statement requirements, while the defense preserved objections concerning identified statements.

Garcia police statement — In rebuttal closing, the prosecutor said Garcia had told police that he had never been to Tallahassee and knew many people named Luis Rivera; she argued that the statement was untruthful and contradicted by other evidence.

Grand jury testimony Nov. 29 — Rivera's November 29 grand-jury testimony was referenced at page 14 during redirect examination.

Hull financial testimony — In opening statement, defense counsel said financial analyst Mary Hull would testify and argued that her prior sworn testimony had contained mistakes about sources of money.

Jessica Rodriguez's testimony — The State cited Jessica Rodriguez’s testimony as direct evidence while arguing that the case should go to the jury.

Katherine Magbanua's testimony — Katherine Magbanua's testimony was discussed during a defense motion for judgment of acquittal. Defense counsel described her account as involving an alleged request to rough up Professor Markel, an unread paper placed in an envelope, and no knowledge of the trips or shooting; the State disputed that account.

Lacasse proffer concerning Wendi Adelson's alleged statement that Charles Adelson had considered hiring a hitman — In a proffer, Jeff Lacasse said Wendi Adelson told him that Charles Adelson had considered options for addressing the Danny Markel problem, including hiring a hitman. The court allowed the proffer but did not permit impeachment on that subject before the jury at that time.

Linda Bailey's testimony — Linda Bailey's testimony was addressed after the court found a second sequestration violation. The court credited Bailey's statement that her opinions had not been affected by testimony she heard and declined to exclude her testimony.

Luis Rivera's prior statements to investigators — Luis Rivera's prior statements to investigators were discussed in opening statement as accounts defense counsel said changed over time. Counsel urged scrutiny of Rivera's expected testimony and plea arrangement.

Luis Rivera's testimony — Luis Rivera's testimony was discussed during defense motions for judgment of acquittal on the murder, solicitation, and conspiracy charges. Defense counsel challenged Rivera's credibility and argued that his account was the only evidence linking the defendants to the charges.

Magbanua testimony — washed money — During argument, the State said Katherine Magbanua had testified that Charles Adelson told her his mother washed money, which the State described as the same wet money provided to the killers.

Ms. Descalzo's anticipated testimony — Ms. Descalzo's anticipated testimony concerned advice discussed with Donna Adelson after her son's trial regarding travel and state of mind. Donna Adelson waived attorney-client privilege only as to that identified subject matter.

phone call with Jessica Rodriguez — The phone call with Jessica Rodriguez was offered through Sherrie Bennett to challenge Luis Rivera's account of an alleged July 19 meeting. The defense said it was offered for impeachment rather than for its truth, and the State objected on hearsay grounds.

Potential reputation testimony from a detention-center guard concerning Patricia Byrd and Drina — Defense counsel raised the possibility that a detention-center guard could offer reputation testimony concerning Patricia Byrd and Drina. Counsel sought time to investigate the guard's knowledge and whether reputation testimony could be offered.

Potential testimony from Deputy Franklin concerning two jailhouse witnesses — The defense sought assistance in speaking with Deputy Franklin about information concerning two jailhouse witnesses. The court said it could not compel an un-subpoenaed person to speak with the defense.

Prior testimony (p. 1197) — During redirect, counsel read from June Umchinda’s May 23, 2022 testimony at page 1197, where she had said she recalled being told that Katherine Magbanua was given a car; Umchinda qualified her present confirmation as what was said “at the time.”

Prior testimony May 2022 p. 1226 — When shown page 1226, lines 6–7 of her May 2022 testimony in a codefendant’s case, Clariza Lebredo confirmed that she had said “once that day” when asked how many times Katherine Magbanua had been a patient.

Proposed testimony from Nicole Fields concerning statements attributed to Donna Adelson and allegations about Patricia Byrd and Drina — Nicole Fields was identified as a potential defense witness after a call alleging that Patricia Byrd and Drina were providing false information and that Donna Adelson said she did not commit the offense. Counsel reported that Fields's attorney said she would invoke the Fifth Amendment if subpoenaed.

Rivera testimony — In opening statement, defense counsel described Luis Rivera’s expected testimony as the State’s sole direct witness-stand evidence against Katherine Magbanua and argued that his account had repeatedly changed.

Rivera testimony — Wendi lady / target photo — During argument, defense counsel said Luis Rivera had testified that the men were hired by “the wendi lady” and that Sigfredo Garcia had a photograph of Markel bearing writing Rivera believed was an address.

Rivera's November 2016 grand jury testimony — Luis Rivera confirmed that he appeared before a grand jury on November 29, 2016. During cross-examination, counsel cited and read a passage from that testimony concerning the purpose of the first trip to Tallahassee.

Rivera's October 2, 2019 sworn testimony transcript — Rivera confirmed that he testified under oath on October 2, 2019 while a court reporter took down what he said; counsel later cited pages 28–29 from that afternoon.

Rivera's testimony — Rivera's testimony was central to arguments on Magbanua's motion for judgment of acquittal. Defense counsel argued that it was the only direct evidence of her involvement, while the State argued that Rivera described her hiring, paying, and directing the murder.

Sergeant Corbitt's proposed testimony concerning an alleged adoptive admission — Sergeant Corbitt's proposed testimony concerned an alleged adoptive admission. The court ruled it admissible on that basis, distinguished a defense authority addressing silence, and noted the defense's Crawford objection for the record.

The evidence from Mr. Rivera — Mr. Rivera's evidence was described during a Day 5 defense motion for judgment of acquittal as indicating that Katie Magbanua was the mastermind.

Unrecorded proffer — In closing argument, defense counsel criticized investigators for not recording Luis Rivera’s September 30 proffer.

Yindra Mascaro's testimony from Magbanua's first trial — A copy of Yindra Velazquez Mascaro’s prior trial testimony was used to refresh her recollection about when Katherine Magbanua and Charlie Adelson broke up. She testified that it was either January or February 2015.

Stipulations (12)

Firearms stipulation — projectiles in State's Exhibits 122 and 123 fired from the same revolver — The parties stipulated that the projectiles contained in State's Exhibits 122 and 123 were microscopically examined by an FDLE firearms expert and determined to have been fired from the same revolver.

DNA stipulation — The parties provided a stipulation concerning DNA evidence on Day 1, with the timing for reading it to be identified later.

DNA-testing stipulation — The stipulation stated that FDLE analyst Kerri Rosana tested crime-scene swabs for DNA. The results were not interpretable because there was insufficient information to make an identification.

joint stipulation regarding DNA — The parties agreed to a joint DNA stipulation that the court said would be read at the appropriate point during JoAnne Maltese's testimony.

Rivera's federal plea agreement — 19-year sentence with approximately 6.5 years to serve — In closing argument, defense counsel described Rivera's plea deal as involving a 19-year term, with 12.5 years in federal custody and six and a half years in Florida state prison.

Stipulation (Creative Preschool) — During closing argument, defense counsel described a stipulation that the children were dropped off at Creative Pre-School at 8:30 a.m. on July 17, 2014.

Stipulation concerning Patricia Byrd's potential-witness status — The stipulation stated that Patricia Byrd had not been listed as a potential witness by current or previous defense counsel. It was read to the jury before instructions and closing arguments.

Stipulation of facts regarding the Markel children's Creative Pre-School schedule — The stipulation identified the Markel children's Creative Pre-School enrollment and listed their drop-off and pickup schedule for the days before the homicide, including the Friday morning drop-off by Dan Markel.

Stipulation regarding crime-scene swabs and DNA testing — The stipulation stated that FDLE analyst Kerri Rosana tested crime-scene swabs collected by Joanne Maltese for DNA. The resulting data was not interpretable because there was not enough information to make an identification.

Stipulation regarding the Markel children's drop-off and pick-up schedule — The stipulation listed the Markel children's Creative Preschool drop-off and pickup schedule during the week of July 14, 2014, including the Friday morning drop-off by Dan Markel. The court instructed jurors to accept the stipulated facts as true.

Stipulation to be read before jury instructions as part of the evidence — The court said the stipulation would be read before jury instructions because it was part of the evidence in the case.

surveillance stipulations of authenticity — The parties provided stipulations concerning the authenticity of surveillance material, with the timing for reading them to be identified later.

Other (4)

73, 73-A — State's Exhibits 73 and 73A were admitted. Counsel said they would review them for compliance with the Court's ruling before they were sent to the jury room.

audio, cell phone summary, disc, jump drives, photographic, and video exhibits — During Day 8 jury instructions, the court said the audio, cell phone summary, disc, jump drives, photographic, and video exhibits would be sent to the jury room when deliberations began.

TV — A TV was discussed in the defense opening statement as a television Charlie Adelson offered to pay for after Wendi Adelson moved to a new place in 2012. The statement described a later joke he made about the TV.

Williams v. State, 314 So. 3d 775 — Defense counsel cited Denise Williams, 314 So. 3d 775, a 2021 First District Court of Appeal decision, while arguing that the analysis should focus on conduct on the day of the murder.